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John Locke
An Essay Concerning Human Understanding Section S10
Section 442 of 1,114
Canonical reference B2.C23.S10
English
Project Gutenberg transcription of Locke author text
POWERS therefore justly make a great part of our complex ideas of substances. He that will examine his complex idea of gold, will find several of its ideas that make it up to be only powers; as the power of being melted, but of not spending itself in the fire; of being dissolved in AQUA REGIA, are ideas as necessary to make up our complex idea of gold, as its colour and weight: which, if duly considered, are also nothing but different powers. For, to speak truly, yellowness is not actually in gold, but is a power in gold to produce that idea in us by our eyes, when placed in a due light: and the heat, which we cannot leave out of our ideas of the sun, is no more really in the sun, than the white colour it introduces into wax. These are both equally powers in the sun, operating, by the motion and figure of its sensible parts, so on a man, as to make him have the idea of heat; and so on wax, as to make it capable to produce in a man the idea of white.
French
Pierre Coste · Pierre Mortier, Amsterdam, 1735, third edition
Il eſt donc vrai de dire, que les Puiſſances ſont une grande partie de nos Idées complexes des Subſtances. Quiconque reflêchira, par exemple, ſur l’idée complexe qu’il a de l’Or, trouvera que la plûpart des Idées dont elle eſt compoſée, ne ſont que des Puiſſances ; ainſi la puiſſance d’être diſſous dans l’Eau Regale, ſont des Idées qui compoſent auſſi néceſſairement l’idée complexe que nous avons de l’Or, que ſa couleur & ſa peſanteur, qui, à le bien prendre, ne ſont auſſi que différentes Puiſſances. Car à parler exactement, la Couleur jaune n’eſt pas actuellement dans l’Or, mais c’eſt une Puiſſance que ce Metal a d’exciter cette idée en nous par le moyen de nos yeux, lorſqu’il eſt dans ſon veritable jour. De même, la chaleur que nous ne pouvons ſéparer de l’idée que nous avons du Soleil, n’eſt pas plus réellement dans le Soleil que la blancheur que cet Aſtre produit dans la Cire. L’une & l’autre ſont également de ſimples Puiſſances dans le Soleil, qui par le mouvement & la figure de ſes parties inſenſibles opère tantôt ſur l’Homme en lui faiſant avoir l’idée de la Chaleur, & tantôt ſur la Cire en la rendant capable d’exciter dans l’Homme l’idée du Blanc.
Concepts in this passage
Anger
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Degrees of knowledge and probability
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Family
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Ideas from sensation and reflection
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Impressions and assent
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Justice
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Knowledge
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Law
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Necessity
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Nominal and real essence
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Personal identity and consciousness
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Primary and secondary qualities
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Psychological complex
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Reason
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Roles and relationships
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Simple and complex ideas
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Substance
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