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John Locke
An Essay Concerning Human Understanding Section S11
Section 443 of 1,114
Canonical reference B2.C23.S11
English
Project Gutenberg transcription of Locke author text
Had we senses acute enough to discern the minute particles of bodies, and the real constitution on which their sensible qualities depend, I doubt not but they would produce quite different ideas in us: and that which is now the yellow colour of gold, would then disappear, and instead of it we should see an admirable texture of parts, of a certain size and figure. This microscopes plainly discover to us; for what to our naked eyes produces a certain colour, is, by thus augmenting the acuteness of our senses, discovered to be quite a different thing; and the thus altering, as it were, the proportion of the bulk of the minute parts of a coloured object to our usual sight, produces different ideas from what it did before. Thus, sand or pounded glass, which is opaque, and white to the naked eye, is pellucid in a microscope; and a hair seen in this way, loses its former colour, and is, in a great measure, pellucid, with a mixture of some bright sparkling colours, such as appear from the refraction of diamonds, and other pellucid bodies. Blood, to the naked eye, appears all red; but by a good microscope, wherein its lesser parts appear, shows only some few globules of red, swimming in a pellucid liquor, and how these red globules would appear, if glasses could be found that could yet magnify them a thousand or ten thousand times more, is uncertain.
French
Pierre Coste · Pierre Mortier, Amsterdam, 1735, third edition
Si nous avions les Sens aſſez vifs pour diſcerner les petites particules des Corps, & la conſtitution réelle d’où dépendent leurs Qualitez ſenſibles, je ne doute pas qu’ils ne produiſiſſent de tout autres idées en nous : que la couleur jaune, par exemple, qui eſt préſentement dans l’Or, ne diſparût ; & qu’au lieu de cela, nous ne viſſions une admirable contexture de parties, d’une certaine groſſeur & figure. C’eſt ce qui paroît évidemment par les Microſcopes, car ce qui vû ſimplement des yeux, nous donne l’idée d’une certaine couleur, ſe trouve tout autre choſe, lorſque notre vûë vient à s’augmenter par le moyen d’un Microſcope : de ſorte que cet Inſtrument changeant, pour ainſi dire, la proportion qui eſt entre la groſſeur des particules de l’Objet coloré & notre vûë ordinaire, nous fait avoir des idées différentes de celles que le même Objet excitoit auparavant en nous. Ainſi, le ſable ou le verre pilé, qui nous paroit opaque & blanc, eſt tranſparent dans un Microſcope ; & un cheveu que nous regardons à travers cet Inſtrument, perd auſſi ſa couleur ordinaire, & paroit tranſparent pour la plus grande partie, avec un mélange de quelques couleurs brillantes, ſemblables à celles qui ſont produites par la refraction d’un Diamant ou de quelque autre Corps pellucide. Le Sang nous paroît tout rouge ; mais par le moyen d’un bon Microſcope qui nous découvre ſes plus petites parties, nous n’y voyons que quelques Globules rouges en fort petit nombre, qui nagent dans une liqueur tranſparente ; & l’on ne ſait de quelle maniére paroîtroient ces Globules rouges, ſi l’on pouvoit trouver des Verres qui les puſſent groſſir mille ou dix mille fois davantage.
Concepts in this passage
Anger
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Constitutional government
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Degrees of knowledge and probability
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Education
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Faith
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Family
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Ideas from sensation and reflection
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Impermanence
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Impressions and assent
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Knowledge
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Nominal and real essence
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Personal identity and consciousness
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Primary and secondary qualities
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Reason
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Roles and relationships
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Simple and complex ideas
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Time
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