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Laozi
Daodejing, Book of the Way and Virtue Chapter 65
Chapter 65 of 81
Canonical reference 65
Classical Chinese
Wang Bi received recension, base text without commentary
古之善為道者,非以明民,將以愚之。 民之難治,以其智多。 故以智治國,國之賊, 不以智治國,國之福。知此兩者亦稽式。常知稽式,是謂玄德。玄德深矣,遠矣, 與物反矣, 然後乃至大順。
English
James Legge · The Sacred Books of China, volume 39
The ancients who showed their skill in practising the Tao did so, not to enlighten the people, but rather to make them simple and ignorant. The difficulty in governing the people arises from their having much knowledge. He who (tries to) govern a state by his wisdom is a scourge to it; while he who does not (try to) do so is a blessing. He who knows these two things finds in them also his model and rule. Ability to know this model and rule constitutes what we call the mysterious excellence (of a governor). Deep and far-reaching is such mysterious excellence, showing indeed its possessor as opposite to others, but leading them to a great conformity to him.
French
Stanislas Julien · Imprimerie royale, Paris
Dans l’antiquité, ceux qui excellaient à pratiquer le Tao ne l’employaient point à éclairer le peuple ; ils l’employaient à le rendre simple et ignorant. Le peuple est difficile à gouverner parce qu’il a trop de prudence ; Celui qui se sert de la prudence pour gouverner le royaume, est le fléau du royaume. Celui qui ne se sert pas de la prudence pour gouverner le royaume, fait le bonheur du royaume. Lorsqu’on connaît ces deux choses, on est le modèle (de l’empire). Savoir être le modèle (de l’empire), c’est être doué d’une vertu céleste. Cette vertu céleste est profonde, immense, opposée aux créatures. Par elle on parvient à procurer une paix générale.
Concepts in this passage
Dao
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De, virtuous efficacy
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Useful emptiness
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Ether and field
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Knowledge
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Messiah
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Mode
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Non-contention
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Peace
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Uncarved simplicity
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Sin
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Softness
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Virtue
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Wisdom
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Wuwei, action without forcing
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Ziran, self-so
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