Public domain
The work and displayed translations are recorded as public domain or from an open transcription.
Plato
Apology of Socrates Passage 35
Passage 19 of 26
Canonical reference 35
Ancient Greek
perseus-plato-apology-grc
εἰ οὖν ὑμῶν οἱ δοκοῦντες διαφέρειν εἴτε σοφίᾳ εἴτε ἀνδρείᾳ εἴτε ἄλλῃ ᾑτινιοῦν ἀρετῇ τοιοῦτοι ἔσονται, αἰσχρὸν ἂν εἴη· οἵουσπερ ἐγὼ πολλάκις ἑώρακά τινας ὅταν κρίνωνται, δοκοῦντας μέν τι εἶναι, θαυμάσια δὲ ἐργαζομένους, ὡς δεινόν τι οἰομένους πείσεσθαι εἰ ἀποθανοῦνται, ὥσπερ ἀθανάτων ἐσομένων ἂν ὑμεῖς αὐτοὺς μὴ ἀποκτείνητε· οἳ ἐμοὶ δοκοῦσιν αἰσχύνην τῇ πόλει περιάπτειν, ὥστʼ ἄν τινα καὶ τῶν ξένων ὑπολαβεῖν ὅτι οἱ διαφέροντες Ἀθηναίων εἰς ἀρετήν, οὓς αὐτοὶ ἑαυτῶν ἔν τε ταῖς ἀρχαῖς καὶ ταῖς ἄλλαις τιμαῖς προκρίνουσιν, οὗτοι γυναικῶν οὐδὲν διαφέρουσιν. ταῦτα γάρ, ὦ ἄνδρες Ἀθηναῖοι, οὔτε ὑμᾶς χρὴ ποιεῖν τοὺς δοκοῦντας καὶ ὁπῃοῦν τι εἶναι, οὔτʼ, ἂν ἡμεῖς ποιῶμεν, ὑμᾶς ἐπιτρέπειν, ἀλλὰ τοῦτο αὐτὸ ἐνδείκνυσθαι, ὅτι πολὺ μᾶλλον καταψηφιεῖσθε τοῦ τὰ ἐλεινὰ ταῦτα δράματα εἰσάγοντος καὶ καταγέλαστον τὴν πόλιν ποιοῦντος ἢ τοῦ ἡσυχίαν ἄγοντος. χωρὶς δὲ τῆς δόξης, ὦ ἄνδρες, οὐδὲ δίκαιόν μοι δοκεῖ εἶναι δεῖσθαι τοῦ δικαστοῦ οὐδὲ δεόμενον ἀποφεύγειν, ἀλλὰ διδάσκειν καὶ πείθειν. οὐ γὰρ ἐπὶ τούτῳ κάθηται ὁ δικαστής, ἐπὶ τῷ καταχαρίζεσθαι τὰ δίκαια, ἀλλʼ ἐπὶ τῷ κρίνειν ταῦτα· καὶ ὀμώμοκεν οὐ χαριεῖσθαι οἷς ἂν δοκῇ αὐτῷ, ἀλλὰ δικάσειν κατὰ τοὺς νόμους. οὔκουν χρὴ οὔτε ἡμᾶς ἐθίζειν ὑμᾶς ἐπιορκεῖν οὔθʼ ὑμᾶς ἐθίζεσθαι· οὐδέτεροι γὰρ ἂν ἡμῶν εὐσεβοῖεν. μὴ οὖν ἀξιοῦτέ με, ὦ ἄνδρες Ἀθηναῖοι, τοιαῦτα δεῖν πρὸς ὑμᾶς πράττειν ἃ μήτε ἡγοῦμαι καλὰ εἶναι μήτε δίκαια μήτε ὅσια, ἄλλως τε μέντοι νὴ Δία πάντως καὶ ἀσεβείας φεύγοντα ὑπὸ Μελήτου τουτουΐ. σαφῶς γὰρ ἄν, εἰ πείθοιμι ὑμᾶς καὶ τῷ δεῖσθαι βιαζοίμην ὀμωμοκότας, θεοὺς ἂν διδάσκοιμι μὴ ἡγεῖσθαι ὑμᾶς εἶναι, καὶ ἀτεχνῶς ἀπολογούμενος κατηγοροίην ἂν ἐμαυτοῦ ὡς θεοὺς οὐ νομίζω. ἀλλὰ πολλοῦ δεῖ οὕτως ἔχειν· νομίζω τε γάρ, ὦ ἄνδρες Ἀθηναῖοι, ὡς οὐδεὶς τῶν ἐμῶν κατηγόρων, καὶ ὑμῖν ἐπιτρέπω καὶ τῷ θεῷ κρῖναι περὶ ἐμοῦ ὅπῃ μέλλει ἐμοί τε ἄριστα εἶναι καὶ ὑμῖν.
English
Benjamin Jowett · perseus-plato-apology-en
If then those of you who are supposed to be superior either in wisdom or in courage or in any other virtue whatsoever are to behave in such a way, it would be disgraceful. Why, I have often seen men who have some reputation behaving in the strangest manner, when they were on trial, as if they thought they were going to suffer something terrible if they were put to death, just as if they would be immortal if you did not kill them. It seems to me that they are a disgrace to the state and that any stranger might say that those of the Athenians who excel in virtue, men whom they themselves honor with offices and other marks of esteem, are no better than women. Such acts, men of Athens , we who have any reputation at all ought not to commit, and if we commit them you ought not to allow it, but you should make it clear that you will be much more ready to condemn a man who puts before you such pitiable scenes and makes the city ridiculous than one who keeps quiet. But apart from the question of reputation, gentlemen, I think it is not right to implore the judge or to get acquitted by begging; we ought to inform and convince him. For the judge is not here to grant favors in matters of justice, but to give judgement; and his oath binds him not to do favors according to his pleasure, but to judge according to the laws; therefore, we ought not to get you into the habit of breaking your oaths, nor ought you to fall into that habit; for neither of us would be acting piously. Do not, therefore, men of Athens , demand of me that I act before you in a way which I consider neither honorable nor right nor pious, especially when impiety is the very thing for which Meletus here has brought me to trial. For it is plain that if by persuasion and supplication I forced you to break your oaths I should teach you to disbelieve in the existence of the gods and in making my defence should accuse myself of not believing in them. But that is far from the truth; for I do believe in them, men of Athens , more than any of my accusers, and I entrust my case to you and to God to decide it as shall be best for me and for you.
French AI-generated translation, non-official
Codex gpt-5.6-sol · Non-official working translation · 2026-09-11
Si donc ceux d’entre vous que l’on suppose supérieurs par la sagesse, le courage ou quelque autre vertu que ce soit doivent se conduire de cette manière, ce serait honteux. J’ai souvent vu des hommes jouissant d’une certaine réputation se comporter de la façon la plus étrange lorsqu’ils étaient jugés, comme s’ils pensaient subir quelque chose de terrible s’ils étaient mis à mort, tout comme s’ils devaient être immortels si vous ne les tuiez pas. Ils me semblent faire honte à l’État, et n’importe quel étranger pourrait dire que ceux des Athéniens qui excellent en vertu, ces hommes auxquels leurs concitoyens eux-mêmes confient les magistratures et les autres marques d’estime, ne valent pas mieux que des femmes. Nous qui jouissons de quelque réputation, Athéniens, nous ne devons pas commettre de tels actes; et si nous les commettons, vous ne devez pas le permettre. Vous devriez clairement montrer que vous êtes beaucoup plus disposés à condamner celui qui vous offre de si pitoyables spectacles et rend la cité ridicule que celui qui garde le calme. Mais indépendamment de la réputation, messieurs, je ne crois pas juste d’implorer le juge ni d’obtenir son acquittement à force de supplications. Il faut l’informer et le convaincre. Car le juge ne siège pas ici pour accorder des faveurs en matière de justice, mais pour rendre un jugement. Son serment l’oblige non à favoriser qui lui plaît, mais à juger selon les lois. Nous ne devons donc pas vous habituer à violer vos serments, et vous ne devez pas prendre cette habitude, car ni vous ni moi n’agirions pieusement. N’exigez donc pas de moi, Athéniens, que j’agisse devant vous d’une manière que je ne considère ni honorable, ni juste, ni pieuse, surtout lorsque l’impiété est précisément le motif pour lequel Mélétos m’a traduit en justice. Car il est manifeste que, si je vous contraignais par la persuasion et la supplication à violer vos serments, je vous enseignerais à ne pas croire à l’existence des dieux et, en présentant ma défense, je m’accuserais moi-même de ne pas croire en eux. Mais il s’en faut de beaucoup que ce soit vrai. Car je crois en eux, Athéniens, plus qu’aucun de mes accusateurs, et je confie mon affaire à vous et au dieu, afin que vous la décidiez de la manière qui sera la meilleure pour moi et pour vous.
Concepts in this passage
Anger
View detailed page
Filter the library
Beneficence
View detailed page
Filter the library
Care of the soul
View detailed page
Filter the library
Courage
View detailed page
Filter the library
Death
View detailed page
Filter the library
Faith
View detailed page
Filter the library
God
View detailed page
Filter the library
Human wisdom
View detailed page
Filter the library
Judgment
View detailed page
Filter the library
Justice
View detailed page
Filter the library
Justice and care for the vulnerable
View detailed page
Filter the library
Law
View detailed page
Filter the library
Pleasure
View detailed page
Filter the library
Reason
View detailed page
Filter the library
Time
View detailed page
Filter the library
Tranquillity
View detailed page
Filter the library
Truth
View detailed page
Filter the library
Virtue
View detailed page
Filter the library
Wisdom
View detailed page
Filter the library