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Plato
Laches Passage 193
Passage 16 of 24
Canonical reference 193
Ancient Greek
perseus-plato-laches-grc
ΣΩ. ἀλλʼ οἷον εἴ τις ἰατρὸς ὤν, περιπλευμονίᾳ τοῦ ὑέος ἐχομένου ἢ ἄλλου τινὸς καὶ δεομένου πιεῖν ἢ φαγεῖν δοῦναι, μὴ κάμπτοιτο ἀλλὰ καρτεροῖ; ΛΑ. οὐδʼ ὁπωστιοῦν οὐδʼ αὕτη. ΣΩ. ἀλλʼ ἐν πολέμῳ καρτεροῦντα ἄνδρα καὶ ἐθέλοντα μάχεσθαι, φρονίμως λογιζόμενον, εἰδότα μὲν ὅτι βοηθήσουσιν ἄλλοι αὐτῷ, πρὸς ἐλάττους δὲ καὶ φαυλοτέρους μαχεῖται ἢ μεθʼ ὧν αὐτός ἐστιν, ἔτι δὲ χωρία ἔχει κρείττω, τοῦτον τὸν μετὰ τῆς τοιαύτης φρονήσεως καὶ παρασκευῆς καρτεροῦντα ἀνδρειότερον ἂν φαίης ἢ τὸν ἐν τῷ ἐναντίῳ στρατοπέδῳ ἐθέλοντα ὑπομένειν τε καὶ καρτερεῖν; ΛΑ. τὸν ἐν τῷ ἐναντίῳ, ἔμοιγε δοκεῖ, ὦ Σώκρατες. ΣΩ. ἀλλὰ μὴν ἀφρονεστέρα γε ἡ τούτου ἢ ἡ τοῦ ἑτέρου καρτερία. ΛΑ. ἀληθῆ λέγεις. ΣΩ. καὶ τὸν μετʼ ἐπιστήμης ἄρα ἱππικῆς καρτεροῦντα ἐν ἱππομαχίᾳ ἧττον φήσεις ἀνδρεῖον εἶναι ἢ τὸν ἄνευ ἐπιστήμης. ΛΑ. ἔμοιγε δοκεῖ. ΣΩ. καὶ τὸν μετὰ σφενδονητικῆς ἢ τοξικῆς ἢ ἄλλης τινὸς τέχνης καρτεροῦντα. ΛΑ. πάνυ γε. ΣΩ. καὶ ὅσοι ἂν ἐθέλωσιν εἰς φρέαρ καταβαίνοντες καὶ κολυμβῶντες καρτερεῖν ἐν τούτῳ τῷ ἔργῳ, μὴ ὄντες δεινοί, ἢ ἔν τινι ἄλλῳ τοιούτῳ, ἀνδρειοτέρους φήσεις τῶν ταῦτα δεινῶν. ΛΑ. τί γὰρ ἄν τις ἄλλο φαίη, ὦ Σώκρατες; ΣΩ. οὐδέν, εἴπερ οἴοιτό γε οὕτως. ΛΑ. ἀλλὰ μὴν οἶμαί γε. ΣΩ. καὶ μήν που ἀφρονεστέρως γε, ὦ Λάχης, οἱ τοιοῦτοι κινδυνεύουσίν τε καὶ καρτεροῦσιν ἢ οἱ μετὰ τέχνης αὐτὸ πράττοντες. ΛΑ. φαίνονται. ΣΩ. οὐκοῦν αἰσχρὰ ἡ ἄφρων τόλμα τε καὶ καρτέρησις ἐν τῷ πρόσθεν ἐφάνη ἡμῖν οὖσα καὶ βλαβερά; ΛΑ. πάνυ γε. ΣΩ. ἡ δέ γε ἀνδρεία ὡμολογεῖτο καλόν τι εἶναι. ΛΑ. ὡμολογεῖτο γάρ. ΣΩ. νῦν δʼ αὖ πάλιν φαμὲν ἐκεῖνο τὸ αἰσχρόν, τὴν ἄφρονα καρτέρησιν, ἀνδρείαν εἶναι. ΛΑ. ἐοίκαμεν. ΣΩ. καλῶς οὖν σοι δοκοῦμεν λέγειν; ΛΑ. μὰ τὸν Δίʼ, ὦ Σώκρατες, ἐμοὶ μὲν οὔ. ΣΩ. οὐκ ἄρα που κατὰ τὸν σὸν λόγον δωριστὶ ἡρμόσμεθα ἐγώ τε καὶ σύ, ὦ Λάχης· τὰ γὰρ ἔργα οὐ συμφωνεῖ ἡμῖν τοῖς λόγοις. ἔργῳ μὲν γάρ, ὡς ἔοικε, φαίη ἄν τις ἡμᾶς ἀνδρείας μετέχειν, λόγῳ δʼ, ὡς ἐγᾦμαι, οὐκ ἄν, εἰ νῦν ἡμῶν ἀκούσειε διαλεγομένων. ΛΑ. ἀληθέστατα λέγεις. ΣΩ. τί οὖν; δοκεῖ καλὸν εἶναι οὕτως ἡμᾶς διακεῖσθαι; ΛΑ. οὐδʼ ὁπωστιοῦν. ΣΩ. βούλει οὖν ᾧ λέγομεν πειθώμεθα τό γε τοσοῦτον; ΛΑ. τὸ ποῖον δὴ τοῦτο, καὶ τίνι τούτῳ;
English
Benjamin Jowett · perseus-plato-laches-en
Soc. Or what do you call it in the case of a doctor who, when his son or anyone else is suffering from inflammation of the lungs and begs for something to drink or eat, inflexibly and enduringly refuses? Lach. That is no case of it, in any sense, either. Soc. Well now, when a man endures in war, and is willing to fight, on a wise calculation whereby he knows that others will come to his aid, and that the forces against him will be fewer and feebler than those who are with him, and when he has besides the advantage of position, - would you say of this man, if he endures with such wisdom and preparation, that he, or a man in the opposing army who is willing to stand up against him and endure, is the more courageous? Lach. The man opposed to him, I should say, Socrates. Soc. But yet his endurance is more foolish than that of the first man. Lach. That is true. Soc. So you would say that he who in a cavalry fight endures with a knowledge of horsemanship is less courageous than he who endures without it. Lach. Yes, I think so. Soc. And he who endures with a skill in slinging or shooting or other such art. Lach. To be sure. Soc. And anyone who agrees to descend into a well, and to dive, and to endure in this or other such action, without being an adept in these things, you would say is more courageous than the adepts. Lach. Yes, for what else can one say, Socrates? Soc. Nothing, provided one thinks so. Lach. But I do think it. Soc. And you observe, I suppose, Laches, that persons of this sort are more foolish in their risks and endurances than those who do it with proper skill. Lach. Evidently. Soc. Now, we found before that foolish boldness and endurance are base and hurtful? Lach. Quite so. Soc. But courage was admitted to be something noble. Lach. Yes, it was. Soc. Whereas now, on the contrary, we say that this base thing - foolish endurance - is courage. Lach. Apparently. Soc. Then do you think our statement is correct? Lach. On my word, Socrates, not I. Soc. Hence I presume that, on your showing, you and I, Laches, are not tuned to the Dorian harmony: for our deeds do not accord with our words. By our deeds, most likely, the world might judge us to have our share of courage, but not by our words, I fancy, if they should hear the way we are talking now. Lach. That is very true. Soc. Well now, does it seem right that we should be in such a condition? Lach. Not by any means. Soc. Then do you mind if we accept our statement to a certain point? Lach. To what point do you mean, and what statement?
French
Victor Cousin · wikisource-cousin-laches-fr-01
[193b] LACHÈS. C’est ce dernier qui est le plus courageux, Socrate. SOCRATE. Cependant la constance de ce dernier est déraisonnable, comparée à celle de l’autre. LACHÈS. Cela est vrai. SOCRATE. Ainsi un bon cavalier, qui dans le combat fera preuve de courage parce qu’il est habile à monter à cheval, te paraîtra moins courageux que celui qui ne connaît pas l’équitation ? LACHÈS. Assurément. SOCRATE. Il en sera de même d’un archer, d’un frondeur, et de tous les autres dont la constance serait fondée sur le sentiment de leur habileté. [193c] LACHÈS. Sans doute. SOCRATE. Et des gens qui, sans s’être jamais exercés, auraient la hardiesse de plonger, de se jeter à la nage, ou de s’exposer à tout autre danger, te paraîtraient donc plus courageux que les hommes habiles dans tous ces exercices ? LACHÈS. Mais, Socrate, qui pourrait prétendre autre chose ? SOCRATE. Personne qui fut de cet avis. LACHÈS. Pour moi, j’en suis certainement. SOCRATE. Pourtant, Lachès, la constance de ces gens-là est plus déraisonnable que celle des hommes qui s’exposent au péril, avec les moyens d’y faire face. LACHÈS. Il semble. [193d] SOCRATE. Mais l’audace insensée, et la constance sans la raison ne nous ont-elles pas paru tout-à-l’heure honteuses et préjudiciable. LACHÈS. Il est vrai. SOCRATE. Nous étions convenus aussi que le courage est une très belle chose. LACHÈS. Oui. SOCRATE. Et voilà que nous soutenons qu’on peut donner le nom de courage à une chose honteuse et funeste, à la constance dépourvue de raison ? LACHÈS. Je l’avoue. SOCRATE. Et crois-tu que nous fassions bien ? LACHÈS. Non, par Jupiter. SOCRATE. S’il faut juger, Lachès, par tes discours, nous ne sommes guère montés l’un et l’autre [193e] sur le ton dorien ; car, chez nous, les actions ne sont pas en harmonie avec les paroles. À voir nos actions, on dirait, je l’espère, que nous avons du courage ; mais à nous entendre on n’en jugerait pas de même. LACHÈS. Tu as raison. SOCRATE. Eh quoi ! trouves-tu que nous devions demeurer dans cet état ? LACHÈS. Non, je t’assure. SOCRATE. Veux-tu alors que nous nous conformions, pour un moment, à ce que nous disions ? LACHÈS. Comment ! et à quoi ?
Concepts in this passage
Anger
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Courage
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Dialectic
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Dukkha
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Family
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Force
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Judgment
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Knowledge
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Law
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Messiah
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Philosophical eros
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Philosophical training
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Reason
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Roles and relationships
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Service
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Sin
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Suffering
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Time
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War and peace
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Wisdom
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