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Plutarch

How One May Know One’s Progress in Virtue Section 16

Section 16 of 17

Canonical reference 16

Ancient Greek

πρὸς δὲ τούτῳ τὸ μηκέτι ταράττεσθαι σφόδρα μηδʼ ἐρυθριᾶν μηδὲ κατακρύπτειν ἢ μετασχηματίζειν τι τῶν καθʼ ἑαυτόν, ἀνδρὸς ἐνδόξου καὶ σώφρονος ἐξαπίνης ἐπιφανέντος, ἀλλὰ θαρρεῖν ὁμόσε χωροῦντα τοῖς τοιούτοις ἔχει τοῦ συνειδότος τινὰ βεβαίωσιν. Ἀλέξανδρος μὲν γὰρ ὡς ἔοικεν ἄγγελον ἰδὼν περιχαρῆ προσθέοντα καὶ τὴν δεξιὰν προτείνοντα τί μοι μέλλεις εἶπεν ὦ τᾶν ἀπαγγελεῖν; ἢ ὅτι Ὅμηρος ἀναβεβίωκεν οὐδενὸς αὐτῷ τὰ πράγματα πλὴν ὑστεροφημίας ἐνδεῖν οἰόμενος. νέῳ δʼ ἀνδρὶ βελτιουμένῳ τὸ ἦθος οὐδενὸς ἔρως ἐμφύεται μᾶλλον ἢ καλοῖς κἀγαθοῖς ἀνδράσιν ἐγκαλλωπίσασθαι καὶ παρασχεῖν οἰκίαν αὑτοῦ καταφανῆ, τράπεζαν γυναῖκα, παιδιὰν σπουδήν, λόγους λεγομένους ἢ γραφομένους, ὥστε καὶ δάκνεσθαι πατρὸς τεθνεῶτος ἢ καθηγητοῦ μεμνημένον οὐκ ἐπιδόντος αὐτὸν ἐν διαθέσει τοιαύτῃ, καὶ μηδὲν ἂν οὕτως εὔξασθαι παρὰ τῶν θεῶν, ὡς ἐκείνους ἀναβιώσαντας αὐτῷ γενέσθαι τοῦ βίου καὶ τῶν πράξεων θεατάς. ὥσπερ αὖ τοὐναντίον οἱ καταμελήσαντες ἑαυτῶν καὶ διαφθαρέντες οὐδʼ ἐν ὕπνῳ τοὺς προσήκοντας ἀτρέμα καὶ ἀδεῶς ὁρῶσιν.

English

Hugh Todd, 1874

You may observe further, that not to be in a confusion, not to blush, not to hide or correct your clothes or any tiling about you, at the unexpected appearance of an honorable and wise person, but to have an assurance as if you were often conversant with such, is almost a perfect demonstration of a very intelligent person. It is reported of Alexander, that one night seeing a messenger joyfully running towards him and stretching out his hand, as if he had something to deliver to him, he said to the apparition, Friend, what news do you bring me? Is Homer risen from the dead? That admirable monarch thought that nothing was wanting to his great exploits but such a herald as Homer. Consider this, if a young man thrive in the world, it is customary for him to desire nothing more than to be seen in the company of virtuous and good men, to show them his whole furniture, his table, his wife and children, his study, his diary or collections; and he is so pleased with himself, that he wishes his father or tutor were alive, that they might see him in so good a way of living; and he could heartily pray that they were alive, to be spectators of his life and actions. But, on the contrary, those that have neglected their business, or lost themselves in the world, cannot endure the sight or company of their relations without a great deal of fear and confusion.

French AI-generated translation, non-official

Codex gpt-5.6-sol · Non-official working translation · 2026-09-13

Vous pouvez observer en outre que ne pas se troubler, ne pas rougir, ne pas cacher ni rajuster ses vêtements ou quelque tiling que ce soit autour de soi, lors de l’apparition inattendue d’une personne honorable et sage, mais montrer l’assurance de quelqu’un qui fréquente souvent de telles personnes, constitue presque la démonstration parfaite d’un homme fort intelligent. On rapporte qu’Alexandre, voyant une nuit un messager courir joyeusement vers lui et tendre la main comme s’il avait quelque chose à lui remettre, dit à l’apparition : « Ami, quelle nouvelle m’apportes-tu ? Homère est-il ressuscité d’entre les morts ? » Cet admirable monarque pensait que rien ne manquait à ses grands exploits, sinon un héraut tel qu’Homère. Considérez ceci : si un jeune homme prospère dans le monde, il est ordinaire qu’il ne désire rien tant que d’être vu en compagnie d’hommes bons et vertueux, de leur montrer tout son mobilier, sa table, sa femme et ses enfants, son cabinet d’étude, son journal ou ses recueils. Il est si content de lui-même qu’il souhaite que son père ou son précepteur soit encore vivant pour le voir mener une si bonne vie, et il pourrait prier de tout cœur pour qu’ils vivent encore et soient les spectateurs de sa vie et de ses actions. Au contraire, ceux qui ont négligé leurs affaires ou se sont perdus dans le monde ne peuvent supporter la vue ni la compagnie de leurs proches sans éprouver beaucoup de crainte et de confusion.

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