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Seneca
On Benefits Chapter 24
Chapter 39 of 228
Canonical reference 2.24
Latin
Perseus canonical Latin TEI
Alii pessime locuntur de optime meritis. Tutius est quosdam offendere quam demeruisse ; argumentum enim nihil debentium odio quaerunt. Atqui nihil magis praestandum est, quam ut memoria nobis meritorum haereat, quae subinde reficienda est, quia nec referre potest gratiam, nisi qui meminit, et, qui meminit, eam refert. Nec delicate accipiendum est nec summisse et humiliter ; nam qui neclegens est in accipiendo, cum omne beneficium recens pateat, quid faciat, cum prima eius voluptas refrixit ? Alius accipit fastidiose, tamquam qui dicat : " Non quidem mihi opus est, sed quia tam valde vis, faciam tibi mei potestatem " ; alius supine, ut dubium praestanti relinquat, an senserit ; alius vix labra diduxit et ingratior, quam si tacuisset, fuit. Loquendum est pro magnitudine rei impensius et illa adicienda : " Plures, quam putas, obligasti " (nemo enim non gaudet beneficium suum latius patere) ; " nescis, quid mihi praestiteris, sed scire te oportet, quanto plus sit, quam existimas " (statim gratus est, qui se onerat) ; " numquam tibi referre gratiam potero ; illud certe non desinam ubique confiteri me referre non posse."
English
Aubrey Stewart · On Benefits (1887)
Some men speak in the most offensive terms of those to whom they owe most. There are men whom it is safer to affront than to serve, for their dislike leads them to assume the airs of persons who are not indebted to us: although nothing more is expected of them than that they should remember what they owe us, refreshing their memory from time to time, because no one can be grateful who forgets a kindness, and he who remembers it, by so doing proves his gratitude. We ought neither to receive benefits with a fastidious air, nor yet with a slavish humility: for if a man does not care for a benefit when it is freshly bestowed--a time at which all presents please us most--what will he do when its first charms have gone off? Others receive with an air of disdain, as much as to say. "I do not want it; but as you wish it so very much, I will allow you to give it to me." Others take benefits languidly, and leave the giver in doubt as to whether they know that they have received them; others barely open their lips in thanks, and would be less offensive if they said nothing. One ought to proportion one's thanks to the importance of the benefit received, and to use the phrases, "You have laid more of us than you think under an obligation," for everyone likes to find his good actions extend further than he expected. "You do not know what it is that you have done for me; but you ought to know how much more important it is than you imagine." It is in itself an expression of gratitude to speak of one's self as overwhelmed by kindness; or "I shall never be able to thank you sufficiently; but, at any rate, I will never cease to express everywhere my inability to thank you."
French
Joseph Baillard · Œuvres complètes de Sénèque le Philosophe (1914)
D’autres disent le plus de mal de ceux qui leur ont fait le plus de bien. Il est parfois moins dangereux d’offenser les hommes que de les servir : pour prouver qu’on ne vous doit rien, on prend le parti de vous haïr . Or il n’est point de plus pressant devoir que de fixer en nous le souvenir de nos obligations ; et il faut maintefois le renouveler, parce qu’on ne saurait les reconnaître si on ne se les rappelle, et que se les rappeler c’est déjà les reconnaître. Il ne faut recevoir ni avec indifférence, ni d’un air bas et obséquieux. Si l’on est froid au moment même où les services récents ont tant de charme, que fera-t-on quand la première impression de plaisir sera émoussée ? L’un reçoit avec dédain, et semble dire : « Je n’en ai vraiment pas besoin ; mais, puisque vous le désirez si fort, je veux bien me laisser faire. » Un autre témoigne tant d’indolence qu’il vous laisse en doute s’il sent le bien que vous lui faites ; un troisième ouvre à peine la bouche, et il y a là plus d’ingratitude que dans un silence absolu. Que nos paroles répondent à la grandeur de l’acte, soyons-en moins chiches ; disons même : « Vous avez fait plus d’heureux que vous ne pensez. » Car il n’est personne qui ne s’applaudisse de ce que ses bienfaits portent loin. « Vous ne savez pas tout ce que je vous dois ; apprenez donc que vous êtes loin d’estimer votre action ce qu’elle vaut. » La plus prompte reconnaissance est celle qui s’exagère sa dette. «Jamais je ne pourrai m’acquitter envers vous ; du moins ne cesserai-je de proclamer partout que je ne puis m’acquitter. »
Concepts in this passage
Anger
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Beneficence
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Care of the soul
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Desire
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Duty
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Ether and field
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Faith
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Family
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Humility
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Impressions and assent
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Justice
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Knowledge
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Law
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Memory
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Messiah
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Pleasure
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Reason
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Roles and relationships
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Salvation
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Service
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Sin
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Time
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War and peace
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