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Seneca
On Anger Chapter 4
Chapter 61 of 100
Canonical reference 3.4
Latin
Perseus canonical Latin TEI
Ut de ceteris dubium sit, nulli certe adfectui peior est vultus, quem in prioribus libris descripsimus : asperum et acrem et nunc subducto retrorsus sanguine fugatoque pallentem, nunc in os omni calore ac spiritu verso subrubicundum et similem cruento, venis tumentibus, oculis nunc trepidis et exsilientibus, nunc in uno obtutu defixis et haerentibus ; adice dentium inter se arietatorum ut aliquem esse cupientium non alium sonum quam est apris tela sua adtritu acuentibus ; adice articulorum crepitum, cum se ipsae manus frangunt, et pulsatum saepius pectus, anhelitus crebros tractosque altius gemitus, instabile corpus, incerta verba subitis exclamationibus, trementia labra interdumque compressa et dirum quiddam exsibilantia. Ferarum, me hercules, sive illas fames agitat sive infixum visceribus ferrum, minus taetra facies est, etiam cum venatorem suum semianimes morsu ultimo petunt, quam hominis ira flagrantis. Age, si exaudire voces ac minas vacet, qualia excarnificati animi verba sunt ! Nonne revocare se quisque ab ira volet, cum intellexerit illam a suo primum malo incipere ? Non vis ergo admoneam eos, qui iram summa potentia exercent et argumentum virium existimant et in magnis magnae fortunae bonis ponunt paratam ultionem, quam non sit potens, immo ne liber quidem dici possit irae suae captivus ? Non vis admoneam, quo diligentior quisque sit et ipse se circumspiciat, alia animi mala ad pessimos quosque pertinere, iracundiam etiam eruditis hominibus et in alia sanis inrepere ? Adeo ut quidam simplicitatis indicium iracundiam dicant et vulgo credatur facillimus quisque huic obnoxius.
English
Aubrey Stewart · Minor Dialogues Together with the Dialogue on Clemency (1889)
There may be some doubt about the others, but at any rate no passion has a worse look. We have described the angry man’s appearance in our former books, how sharp and keen he looks, at one time pale as his blood is driven inwards and backwards, at another with all the heat and fire of his body directed to his face, making it reddish-coloured as if stained with blood, his eyes now restless and starting out of his head, now set motionless in one fixed gaze. Add to this his teeth, which gnash against one another, as though he wished to eat somebody, with exactly the sound of a wild boar sharpening his tusks: add also the cracking of his joints, the involuntary wringing of his hands, the frequent slaps he deals himself on the chest, his hurried breathing and deep-drawn sighs, his reeling body, his abrupt broken speech, and his trembling lips, which sometimes he draws tight as he hisses some curse through them. By Hercules, no wild beast, neither when tortured by hunger, or with a weapon struck through its vitals, not even when it gathers its last breath to bite its slayer, looks so shocking as a man raging with anger. Listen, if you have leisure, to his words and threats: how dreadful is the language of his agonized mind! Would not every man wish to lay aside anger when he sees that it begins by injuring himself? When men employ anger as the most powerful of agents, consider it to be a proof of power, and reckon a speedy revenge among the greatest blessings of great prosperity, would you not wish me to warn them that he who is the slave of his own anger is not powerful, nor even free? Would you not wish me to warn all the more industrious and circumspect of men, that while other evil passions assail the base, anger gradually obtains dominion over the minds even of learned and in other respects sensible men? So true is that, that some declare anger to be a proof of straight-forwardness, and it is commonly believed that the best-natured people are prone to it.
French
Joseph Baillard · Œuvres complètes de Sénèque le Philosophe (1914)
Dût-on contester ses autres caractères, toujours est-il que nulle passion n’offre un aspect plus sinistre. Nous l’avons décrit dans les premiers livres, ce visage menaçant et farouche, tantôt pâle, par le refoulement subit du sang vers le cœur, tantôt pourpre et d’une teinte sanglante, par l’excessive affluence de la chaleur et des esprits vitaux ; ces veines gonflées, ces yeux roulant et s’échappant presque de leurs orbites, puis fixes et concentrés sur un seul point. Les dents s’entre-choquent et cherchent une proie avec le grincement du sanglier qui aiguise ses défenses. Et le craquement des articulations, et les mains qui se tordent à se briser et frappent à chaque instant la poitrine, et ce souffle haletant et pressé, ces pénibles et profonds gémissements, cette agitation de toute la personne, ces mots sans suite coupés d’exclamations brusques, ces lèvres tremblantes par instant comprimées, d’où sort je ne sais quel sifflement sauvage ! Oui, la bête fauve qu’irrite la faim ou le dard enfoncé dans ses flancs qui, dans sa dernière morsure exhale contre le chasseur un reste de vie, a la face moins hideuse que l’homme enflammé par la colère. Écoute, si tu peux, ses vociférations, ses menaces, que te semble-t-il d’une torture qui arrache à l’âme de tels cris ? Chacun ne voudra-t-il pas rompre avec cette passion, quand il reconnaîtra qu’elle commence par son propre supplice ? Ceux qui, au suprême pouvoir, agissent en hommes irrités, qui voient en cela une preuve de force, qui comptent parmi les hauts priviléges d’une haute fortune d’avoir la vengeance à leurs ordres, me défendras-tu de les avertir que, loin d’être puissants, ils ne peuvent même se dire libres, ces captifs de la colère ? Me défendras-tu de dire à tous, afin qu’ils soient plus vigilants et s’observent mieux, que si d’autres maladies morales sont le partage des âmes perverses, l’irascibilité se glisse jusque chez les hommes éclairés et restés purs d’ailleurs, au point qu’à certains yeux elle est signe de franchise, et que le vulgaire regarde comme les meilleures gens ceux qui y sont sujets ?
Concepts in this passage
Affects
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Anger
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Care of the soul
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Death
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Education
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Ether and field
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Exile
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Faith
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Family
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Fortune
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Freedom
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God
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Law
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Li, ritual propriety
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Messiah
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Nature
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Reason
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Repression
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Ressentiment
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Roles and relationships
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Self-governance
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Service
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Sin
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Slavery
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Spirit
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Suffering
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Time
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War and peace
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Wisdom
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