Moral Letters to Lucilius Section 8

Nunc ad propositum revertamur. Sapiens, etiam si contentus est se, tamen habere amicum vult, si nihil aliud, ut exerceat amicitiam, ne tam magna virtus iaceat, non ad hoc, quod dicebat Epicurus in hac ipsa epistula, ut habeat, qui sibi aegro adsideat, succurrat in vincula coniecto vel inopi, sed ut habeat aliquem, cui ipse aegro adsideat, quem ipse circumventum hostili custodia liberet. Qui se spectat et propter hoc ad amicitiam venit, male cogitat. Quemadmodum coepit, sic desinet: paravit amicum adversum vincla laturum opem; cum primum crepuerit catena, discedet.

Revenons à notre propos. Le sage, bien qu’il se suffise, n’en désire pas moins un ami, ne fût-ce que pour exercer l’amitié, pour qu’une si belle vertu ne reste pas sans culture, et non, comme Épicure le dit dans sa lettre, pour avoir qui veille à son lit de douleur, qui le secoure dans les fers ou dans le besoin, mais un homme qui malade soit assisté par lui, et qui enveloppé d’ennemis soit sauvé par lui de leurs fers. Ne voir que soi, n’embrasser l’amitié que pour soi, méchant calcul : elle finira comme elle a commencé. On a voulu s’assurer d’un auxiliaire contre la captivité ; mais au premier bruit de chaînes plus d’ami.

Let us now return to the question. The wise man, I say, self-sufficient though he be, nevertheless desires friends if only for the purpose of practising friendship, in order that his noble qualities may not lie dormant. Not, however, for the purpose mentioned by Epicurus in the letter quoted above: “That there may be someone to sit by him when he is ill, to help him when he is in prison or in want;” but that he may have someone by whose sick-bed he himself may sit, someone a prisoner in hostile hands whom he himself may set free. He who regards himself only, and enters upon friendships for this reason, reckons wrongly. The end will be like the beginning: he has made friends with one who might assist him out of bondage; at the first rattle of the chain such a friend will desert him.