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Sextus Empiricus
Against the Logicians, Books VII-VIII of Against the Learned Section 209
Section 209 of 927
Canonical reference 7.209
Ancient Greek
Hermann Mutschmann and Jürgen Mau, editors · adversus-grc
τὸ αἰσθητὸν καὶ τοιουτόσχημον, ὄντως ἐστὶ μικρὸν καὶ τοιουτόσχημον, τῇ διὰ τοῦ ἀέρος φορᾷ ἀποθραυομένων τῶν κατὰ τὰ εἴδωλα περάτων, καὶ ὅτε μέγα πάλιν καὶ ἀλλοιόσχημον, πάλιν ὁμοίως μέγα καὶ ἀλλοιόσχημον, ἤδη μέντοι οὐ τὸ αὐτὸ ἀμφότερα καθεστώς. τοῦτο γὰρ τῆς διαστρόφου λοιπόν ἐστι δόξης οἴεσθαι, ὅτι τὸ αὐτὸ ἦν τό τε ἐκ τοῦ σύνεγγυς καὶ τὸ πόρρωθεν θεωρούμενον φανταστόν.
English AI-generated translation, non-official
Codex gpt-5.6-sol · Non-official working translation · 2026-09-11
and of such a shape, it really is small and of such a shape, since the boundaries of its images are broken away by their passage through the air; and when it appears large and differently shaped, it is again similarly large and differently shaped, though the two are no longer the same thing. For it belongs to distorted opinion to suppose that the impression-producing object viewed nearby and the one viewed from afar were the same.
French AI-generated translation, non-official
Codex gpt-5.6-sol · Non-official working translation · 2026-09-11
et de telle forme, il est réellement petit et de telle forme, les contours des simulacres s’émoussant durant leur parcours à travers l’air ; et quand il paraît de nouveau grand et d’une autre forme, il est pareillement grand et d’une autre forme, quoique les deux objets ne soient plus identiques. C’est le propre d’une opinion pervertie de croire que le représentable observé de près et celui qui est vu de loin étaient une seule et même chose.
Concepts in this passage
Dialectic
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Equipollence
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Impressions and assent
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Knowledge
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Suspension of judgment
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