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Sextus Empiricus
Against the Logicians, Books VII-VIII of Against the Learned Section 243
Section 689 of 927
Canonical reference 8.243
Ancient Greek
Hermann Mutschmann and Jürgen Mau, editors · adversus-grc
καὶ πάλιν· εἰ τὰ φαινόμενα, καθόσον ἐστὶ φαινόμενα, διδασκαλίας οὐκ ἔχει χρείαν, τὰ δὲ σημεῖα, παρόσον ἐστὶ σημεῖα, διδασκαλίας ἔχει χρείαν, τὰ σημεῖα οὐκ ἔστι φαινόμενα. ἀλλὰ μὴν τὸ πρῶτον· τὸ ἄρα δεύτερον. Πρὸς μὲν οὖν τοὺς ἀξιοῦντας αἰσθητὸν εἶναι τὸ σημεῖον τοσαῦτα ἠπορήσθω·
English AI-generated translation, non-official
Codex gpt-5.6-sol · Non-official working translation · 2026-09-11
And again: If appearances, insofar as they are appearances, have no need of teaching, while signs, insofar as they are signs, have need of teaching, signs are not appearances. But the first; therefore the second. Let this much, then, have been raised as a difficulty against those who maintain that the sign is sensible.
French AI-generated translation, non-official
Codex gpt-5.6-sol · Non-official working translation · 2026-09-11
Et encore : si les phénomènes, en tant que phénomènes, n’ont pas besoin d’enseignement, tandis que les signes, en tant que signes, ont besoin d’enseignement, les signes ne sont pas des phénomènes. Or le premier est vrai ; donc le second. Que ces difficultés suffisent donc contre ceux qui soutiennent que le signe est sensible.
Concepts in this passage
Dialectic
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Equipollence
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Knowledge
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Suspension of judgment
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