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Sextus Empiricus
Against the Logicians, Books VII-VIII of Against the Learned Section 87
Section 533 of 927
Canonical reference 8.87
Ancient Greek
Hermann Mutschmann and Jürgen Mau, editors · adversus-grc
Κἂν ταύτης δὲ τῆς ἀπορίας ἀφίστηταί τις, μείζων ἄλλη παρ’ αὐτὴν ἀνακύψει τοῖς τὴν Στωικὴν τεχνολογίαν ἀποδεχομένοις. ὥσπερ γὰρ εἰ βουλοίμεθα μαθεῖν τί ἐστιν ἄνθρωπος, πρότερον ὀφείλομεν ἐγνωκέναι τί τὸ ζῷον καὶ τί τὸ λογικὸν καὶ τί τὸ θνητόν (ἐκ τούτων γὰρ συνέστηκεν ἡ τοῦ ἀνθρώπου νόησις), καὶ ὃν τρόπον εἰ προαιροίμεθα γινώσκειν τί ἐστι κύων, προκατειληφέναι δεήσει πάλιν τὸ ζῷον καὶ τὸ ὑλακτικόν (ἐκ τούτων γὰρ ἐνοεῖτο ὁ κύων),
English AI-generated translation, non-official
Codex gpt-5.6-sol · Non-official working translation · 2026-09-11
Even if someone withdraws from this difficulty, another greater one will arise beside it for those who accept Stoic technical doctrine. For just as, if we wished to learn what a human being is, we should first have to know what an animal is, what rational is, and what mortal is, since the conception of a human being is composed of these; and just as, if we chose to know what a dog is, we should again have to grasp beforehand the animal and the barking, since the dog was conceived from these,
French AI-generated translation, non-official
Codex gpt-5.6-sol · Non-official working translation · 2026-09-11
Même si quelqu’un renonce à cette difficulté, une autre, plus grande, surgira juste à côté pour ceux qui acceptent la terminologie stoïcienne. En effet, si nous voulions apprendre ce qu’est un homme, nous devrions d’abord savoir ce qu’est l’animal, ce qu’est le raisonnable et ce qu’est le mortel, puisque la notion d’homme est constituée de ces éléments. De même, si nous choisissions de savoir ce qu’est un chien, il faudrait avoir préalablement saisi l’animal et l’aboyant, puisque c’est à partir de ces éléments que le chien est conçu.
Concepts in this passage
Aporia
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Dialectic
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Equipollence
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Knowledge
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Reason
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Suspension of judgment
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