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Sextus Empiricus

Against the Professors, Books I-VI of Against the Learned Section 11

Section 331 of 757

Canonical reference 2.11

Ancient Greek

Hermann Mutschmann and Jürgen Mau, editors · adversus-grc

τῶν γὰρ ψευδῶν οὐκ εἰσι καταλήψεις, ψευδῆ δέ ἐστι τὰ λεγόμενα τῆς ῥητορικῆς εἶναι θεωρήματα, τοιαῦτα ὄντα οὕτω παραπει- στέον τοὺς δικαστὰς καὶ ‘ὀργὴν κινητέον ἔλεον’ καὶ ‘μοι- χῷ συνηγορητέον καὶ ἱεροσύλῳ’ 〈ἃ〉 ἐμφαίνει τὸ καθήκειν οὕτω τοὺς δικαστὰς παραπείθειν | καὶ ὀργὴν ἢ ἔλεον κι- νεῖν· ἅπερ οὐκ ἐστιν ἀληθῆ, καὶ διὰ τοῦτο ἀκατάληπτα. οὐ τοίνυν αὐτῶν εἰσιν αἱ καταλήψεις· ᾧ συνεισέρχεται τὸ μηδέ τὴν ῥητορικὴν ὑπάρχειν.

English AI-generated translation, non-official

Codex gpt-5.6-sol · Non-official working translation · 2026-09-11

For there are no apprehensions of false things, and the propositions said to be the principles of rhetoric are false, being such as: “The judges must be misled in this way,” “anger or pity must be aroused,” and “one must advocate for an adulterer or a temple robber.” These imply that it is fitting thus to mislead the judges and arouse anger or pity. Such propositions are not true and are therefore inapprehensible. Consequently there are no apprehensions of them, and with this follows the nonexistence of rhetoric.

French AI-generated translation, non-official

Codex gpt-5.6-sol · Non-official working translation · 2026-09-11

Il n’existe pas de représentations compréhensives des choses fausses. Or les préceptes qu’on dit appartenir à la rhétorique sont faux, par exemple: «Il faut égarer ainsi les juges», «il faut susciter colère et pitié», «il faut défendre l’adultère et le sacrilège». Ces formules signifient qu’il convient d’égarer ainsi les juges et de susciter colère ou pitié, choses qui ne sont pas vraies et sont donc incompréhensibles. Il n’existe donc pas de représentations compréhensives de ces choses, d’où il suit que la rhétorique elle-même n’existe pas.

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