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Baruch Spinoza
Ethics, Émile Saisset’s French Translation Section section-0012
Section 12 of 300
Canonical reference section-0012
French
Émile Saisset or Paul Janet
On ne peut concevoir selon sa véritable nature aucun attribut de la substance duquel il résulte que la substance soit divisible.
Démonstration : Si vous supposez, en effet, la substance divisible, les parties que vous obtiendrez en la divisant retiendront ou non la nature de la substance. Dans le premier cas, chacune d’elles devra être infinie ( par la Propos . 8 ), cause de soi ( par la Propos . 6 ), et constituée par un attribut propre ; et par suite, d’une seule substance il pourra s’en former plusieurs, ce qui est absurde ( par la Propos . 6 ). Ajoutez que ces parties ( en vertu de la Propos . 2 ) n’auront rien de commun avec le tout qu’elles composent, et que le tout ( par la Déf . 4 et la Propos . 10 ) pourra exister et être conçu indépendamment de ses parties, conséquence dont personne ne peut contester l’absurdité. Dans le second cas, c’est-à-dire si les parties ne retiennent pas la nature de la substance, il en résultera que la substance, quand on la divisera tout entière en parties égales, perdra sa nature et cessera d’être, ce qui est absurde ( par la Propos . 7 ).
La substance absolument infinie est indivisible.
Démonstration : Si elle était divisible, en effet, les parties qu’on obtiendrait en la divisant retiendraient ou non la nature de la substance absolument infinie. Dans le premier cas, on aurait plusieurs substances de même nature, ce qui est absurde ( par la Propos . 5 ). Dans le second cas, la substance absolument infinie pourrait, comme on l’a vu plus haut, cesser d’être, ce qui est également absurde ( par la Propos . 11 ).
Corollaire : Il suit de ces principes qu’aucune substance, et conséquemment aucune substance corporelle, n’est divisible en tant que substance.
Scholie : Que la substance soit indivisible, c’est ce que l’on comprendra plus simplement encore, par cela seul que la nature de la substance ne peut être connue que comme infinie, et qu’une partie de la substance ne signifie autre chose qu’une substance finie, ce qui implique évidemment contradiction ( par la Propos . 8 ).
Il ne peut exister et on ne peut concevoir aucune autre substance que Dieu.
English AI-generated translation, non-official
Codex gpt-5.6-sol · Non-official working translation · 2026-09-11
No attribute of substance can be conceived according to its true nature from which it follows that substance is divisible.
Proof: For if you suppose substance divisible, the parts obtained by dividing it will either retain the nature of substance or not. In the first case, each of them will have to be infinite (by Prop. 8), cause of itself (by Prop. 6), and constituted by an attribute of its own; and consequently several substances could be formed from one substance, which is absurd (by Prop. 6). Add that these parts (by Prop. 2) will have nothing in common with the whole they compose, and that the whole (by Def. 4 and Prop. 10) could exist and be conceived independently of its parts, a consequence whose absurdity no one can dispute. In the second case, that is, if the parts do not retain the nature of substance, it will follow that substance, when divided wholly into equal parts, will lose its nature and cease to be, which is absurd (by Prop. 7).
Absolutely infinite substance is indivisible.
Proof: For if it were divisible, the parts obtained by dividing it would either retain the nature of absolutely infinite substance or not. In the first case, there would be several substances of the same nature, which is absurd (by Prop. 5). In the second case, absolutely infinite substance could, as was seen above, cease to be, which is equally absurd (by Prop. 11).
Corollary: It follows from these principles that no substance, and consequently no corporeal substance, is divisible insofar as it is substance.
Scholium: That substance is indivisible will be understood still more simply from this alone: the nature of substance can be known only as infinite, and a part of substance means nothing other than a finite substance, which plainly implies a contradiction (by Prop. 8).
No substance other than God can exist or be conceived.
Concepts in this passage
Adequate idea
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Affects
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Attribute
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Conatus
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Education
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Family
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Freedom
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God
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Intellectual love of God
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Mode
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Nature
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Necessity
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Power to act
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Reason
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Substance
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Virtue
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