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Baruch Spinoza
Ethics, Émile Saisset’s French Translation Section section-0262
Section 262 of 300
Canonical reference section-0262
French
Émile Saisset or Paul Janet
Quant au mariage, il est certain qu’il est d’accord avec la raison, à condition que le désir de l’union sexuelle ne vienne pas seulement du corps, mais qu’il soit accompagné du désir d’avoir des enfants et de les élever avec sagesse. J’ajoute encore cette condition, que l’amour des deux époux ait sa cause principale, non dans le sexe, mais dans la liberté de l’âme.
L’adulation est aussi un moyen de concorde, mais un moyen d’esclave, un moyen criminel et perfide. Aussi personne ne se laisse-t-il prendre à l’adulation que les orgueilleux, qui veulent être au premier rang et n’y atteignent pas.
L’abjection a un faux air de piété et de religion. Mais tout opposée qu’elle soit à l’orgueil, rien est plus près d’un orgueilleux qu’un homme abject (voyez le Schol. de la Propos. 57, part. 4).
La honte est encore un moyen de concorde, mais seulement en ce qui regarde les choses qui peuvent être cachées. Du reste, la honte étant une sorte de tristesse n’a rien à voir avec l’usage de la raison.
Les autres passions dont l’homme est l’objet, et qui naissent de la tristesse, sont directement contraires à la justice, à l’équité, à l’honnêteté, à la piété et à la religion ; et bien que l’indignation ait une apparence d’équité, il n’en est pas moins vrai que tout régime légal est impossible là où chacun se fait juge des actions d’autrui, et prend en main la défense de ses propres droits et de ceux des autres.
English AI-generated translation, non-official
Codex gpt-5.6-sol · Non-official working translation · 2026-09-11
As for marriage, it is certain that it agrees with reason, provided that the desire for sexual union does not arise from the body alone, but is accompanied by the desire to have children and raise them wisely. I add this further condition: that the love of both spouses have its principal cause not in sex, but in freedom of mind.
Flattery is also a means of concord, but a slavish, criminal, and treacherous means. Accordingly, no one is taken in by flattery except the proud, who wish to occupy the first rank and do not attain it.
Self-abasement has a false appearance of piety and religion. But although it is entirely opposed to pride, nothing is closer to a proud man than a self-abasing one (see the Scholium of Prop. 57, Part 4).
Shame is also a means of concord, but only concerning things that can be hidden. Besides, since shame is a kind of sadness, it has nothing to do with the use of reason.
The other passions of which man is the object and which arise from sadness are directly contrary to justice, equity, honorable conduct, piety, and religion. Although indignation has an appearance of equity, it nevertheless remains true that no legal order is possible where everyone makes himself the judge of another's actions and takes into his own hands the defense of his own rights and those of others.
Concepts in this passage
Adequate idea
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Affects
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Attribute
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Care of the soul
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Conatus
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Desire
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Family
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Freedom
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Moral rightness and utility
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Intellectual love of God
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Justice
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Love
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Mode
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Necessity
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Political union
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Power to act
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Reason
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Substance
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Suffering
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Wisdom
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