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Aristotle
Rhetoric Section 4
Section 747 of 882
Canonical reference 3.12.4
Ancient Greek
καὶ τὰ ἀσύνδετα ὡσαύτως· ἦλθον, ἀπήντησα, ἐδεόμην· ἀνάγκη γὰρ ὑποκρίνεσθαι καὶ μὴ ὡς ἓν λέγοντα τῷ αὐτῷ ἤθει καὶ τόνῳ εἰπεῖν. ἔτι ἔχει ἴδιόν τι τὰ ἀσύνδετα· ἐν ἴσῳ γὰρ χρόνῳ πολλὰ δοκεῖ εἰρῆσθαι· ὁ γὰρ σύνδεσμος ἓν ποιεῖ τὰ πολλά, ὥστε ἐὰν ἐξαιρεθῇ, δῆλον ὅτι τοὐναντίον ἔσται τὸ ἓν πολλά. ἔχει οὖν αὔξησιν· ἦλθον, διελέχθην, ἱκέτευσα (πολλὰ δοκεῖ), ὑπερεῖδεν ὅσα εἶπον . τοῦτο δὲ βούλεται ποιεῖν καὶ Ὅμηρος ἐν τῷ Νιρεὺς αὖ Σύμηθεν, Νιρεὺς Ἀγλαΐης, Νιρεὺς ὃς κάλλιστος. Hom. Il. 2.671-673 περὶ οὗ γὰρ πολλὰ λέγεται, ἀνάγκη καὶ πολλάκις εἰρῆσθαι· εἰ οὖν καὶ πολλάκις, καὶ πολλὰ δοκεῖ, ὥστε ηὔξηκεν, ἅπαξ μνησθείς, διὰ τὸν παραλογισμόν, καὶ μνήμην πεποίηκεν, οὐδαμοῦ ὕστερον αὐτοῦ λόγον ποιησάμενος.
English
J. H. Freese, 1926
It is the same with asyndeta: I came, I met, I entreated. For here delivery is needed, and the words should not be pronounced with the same tone and character, as if there was only one clause. Further, asyndeta have a special characteristic; for in an equal space of time many things appear to be said, because the connecting particle makes many things one, so that, if it be removed, it is clear that the contrary will be the case, and that the one will become many. Therefore an asyndeton produces amplification: thus, in I came, I conversed, I besought, the hearer seems to be surveying many things, all that the speaker said. This also is Homer's intention in the passage Nireus, again, from Syme . . ., Nireus son of Aglaia . . ., Nireus, the most beautiful . . . ; for it is necessary that one of whom much has been said should be often mentioned; if then the name is often mentioned, it seems as if much has been said ; so that, by means of this fallacy, Homer has increased the reputation of Nireus, though he only mentions him in one passage; he has perpetuated his memory, though he never speaks of him again.
French AI-generated translation, non-official
Codex gpt-5.6-sol · Non-official working translation · 2026-09-13
Il en va de même des asyndètes : Je suis venu, je l’ai rencontré, je l’ai supplié. Car ici l’action oratoire est nécessaire, et les mots ne doivent pas être prononcés sur le même ton ni avec le même caractère, comme s’il n’y avait qu’un seul membre de phrase. En outre, les asyndètes ont une propriété particulière : dans un temps égal, on paraît dire beaucoup de choses, parce que la conjonction fait de plusieurs choses une seule ; si donc on la supprime, il est clair que le contraire se produira et que l’un deviendra multiple. L’asyndète produit donc une amplification. Ainsi, dans Je suis venu, j’ai conversé, j’ai imploré, l’auditeur semble contempler de nombreuses choses, tout ce qu’a dit l’orateur. Telle est aussi l’intention d’Homère dans le passage : Nirée, encore, venu de Symé..., Nirée, fils d’Aglaé..., Nirée, le plus beau... Car il faut que celui dont on a beaucoup parlé soit souvent nommé ; si donc son nom est souvent prononcé, il semble qu’on ait beaucoup parlé de lui. Par ce sophisme, Homère a ainsi accru la renommée de Nirée, bien qu’il ne le mentionne que dans un seul passage ; il en a perpétué le souvenir, bien qu’il n’en parle plus jamais.
Concepts in this passage
Anger
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Care of the soul
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Family
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Fear
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Intelligible forms
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Justice
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Memory
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Necessity
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Reason
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Rhetoric
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Time
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Wisdom
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