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Cicero
On Fate Passage 30
Passage 30 of 48
Canonical reference 30
Latin
perseus-cicero-de_fato-lat
Quaedam enim sunt, inquit, in rebus simplicia, quaedam copulata; simplex est: Morietur illo die Socrates ; huic, sive quid fecerit sive non fecerit, finitus est moriendi dies. At si ita fatum erit: Nascetur Oedipus Laio , non poterit dici: sive fuerit Laius cum muliere sive non fuerit ; copulata enim res est et confatalis; sic enim appellat, quia ita fatum sit et concubiturum cum uxore Laium et ex ea Oedipum procreaturum, ut, si esset dictum: Luctabitur Olympiis Milo et referret aliquis: Ergo, sive habuerit adversarium sive non habuerit, luctabitur , erraret; est enim copulatum luctabitur , quia sine adversario nulla luctatio est. Omnes igitur istius generis captiones eodem modo refelluntur. Sive tu adhibueris medicum sive non adhibueris, convalesces captiosum; tam enim est fatale medicum adhibere quam convalescere. Haec, ut dixi, confatalia ille appellat.
English AI-generated translation, non-official
Codex gpt-5.6-sol · Non-official working translation · 2026-09-11
For some things, he says, are simple, and others conjoined. “Socrates will die on that day” is simple; whether he does something or does not, the day of his death is fixed. But if it is fated that “Oedipus will be born to Laius,” one cannot say, “whether Laius has intercourse with a woman or does not,” for the matter is conjoined and co-fated. He calls it this because it is fated both that Laius will lie with his wife and that he will beget Oedipus by her. Likewise, if it were said, “Milo will wrestle at Olympia,” and someone replied, “Therefore, whether he has an opponent or not, he will wrestle,” that person would be mistaken. For “he will wrestle” is conjoined, since there is no wrestling without an opponent. All sophisms of that kind, therefore, are refuted in the same way. “Whether you summon a doctor or do not summon one, you will recover” is sophistical, for summoning the doctor is as fated as recovering. These things, as I said, he calls co-fated.
French AI-generated translation, non-official
Codex gpt-5.6-sol · Non-official working translation · 2026-09-11
« Parmi les événements, dit-il, les uns sont simples, les autres liés. Celui-ci est simple: “Socrate mourra tel jour”; quoi qu’il fasse ou ne fasse pas, le jour de sa mort est fixé. Mais si le destin est ainsi formulé: “Œdipe naîtra de Laïos”, on ne pourra pas dire: “que Laïos s’unisse ou non à une femme”; car l’événement est lié et codestiné. » Tel est son terme, parce qu’il est également dans le destin que Laïos couchera avec sa femme et qu’il engendrera d’elle Œdipe. De même, si l’on avait dit: « Milon luttera aux jeux Olympiques », celui qui ajouterait: « Donc, qu’il ait ou non un adversaire, il luttera », se tromperait; car « il luttera » est un événement lié, puisqu’il n’existe aucune lutte sans adversaire. Tous les sophismes de ce genre se réfutent donc de la même manière. « Que tu fasses venir le médecin ou non, tu guériras » est captieux: faire venir le médecin est tout aussi fatal que guérir. Chrysippe, comme je l’ai dit, appelle ces événements « codestinés ».