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Cicero
On the Republic Passage 48
Passage 48 of 251
Canonical reference 1.48
Latin
perseus-cicero-de_republica-lat
po pulo aliquis unus pluresve divitiores opulentioresque extitissent, tum ex eorum fastidio et superbia nata esse commemorant cedentibus ignavis et inbecillis et adrogantiae divitum succumbentibus. Si vero ius suum populi teneant, negant quicquam esse praestantius, liberius, beatius, quippe qui domini sint legum, iudiciorum, belli, pacis, foederum, capitis unius cuiusque, pecuniae. Hanc unam rite rem publicam, id est rem populi, appellari putant. Itaque et a regum et a patrum dominatione solere in libertatem rem populi vindicari, non ex liberis populis reges requiri aut potestatem atque opes optimatium.
English AI-generated translation, non-official
Codex gpt-5.6-sol · Non-official working translation · 2026-09-11
if one or more persons had arisen among the people who were richer and more powerful, they say that domination was born from those men’s disdain and arrogance, as the cowardly and weak yielded and submitted to the pride of the wealthy. But if the people maintain their right, they deny that anything can be more excellent, free, or happy, since the people are masters of the laws, courts, war, peace, treaties, every person’s life, and property. They think that this alone is properly called a commonwealth, that is, the property of a people. Thus a commonwealth is accustomed to be reclaimed into liberty from the domination of kings and senators, while free peoples do not seek kings or the power and wealth of the best men.
French AI-generated translation, non-official
Codex gpt-5.6-sol · Non-official working translation · 2026-09-11
«lorsqu’au sein du peuple un ou plusieurs hommes étaient devenus plus riches et plus puissants, c’est alors, racontent-ils, que naquirent leur mépris et leur orgueil, tandis que les lâches et les faibles cédaient et se soumettaient à l’arrogance des riches. Mais si les peuples maintiennent leurs droits, ils affirment que rien n’est plus excellent, plus libre ni plus heureux, puisqu’ils sont maîtres des lois, des jugements, de la guerre, de la paix, des traités, de la vie de chacun et de l’argent. Ils pensent que cette constitution seule est proprement appelée république, c’est-à-dire chose du peuple. Aussi la chose du peuple est-elle ordinairement revendiquée pour la liberté contre la domination des rois et des patriciens, tandis que les peuples libres ne réclament ni rois, ni puissance et domination des meilleurs.»
Concepts in this passage
Civic duty
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Judgment
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Justice
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Law
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Poverty and wealth
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Sin
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