Public domain
The work and displayed translations are recorded as public domain or from an open transcription.
Cicero
Orator Passage 74
Passage 74 of 238
Canonical reference 74
Latin
perseus-cicero-orator-lat
quo et semper utendum est et omnibus, decere quasi aptum esse consentaneumque tempori et personae; quod cum in factis saepissime tum in dictis valet, in vultu denique et gestu et incessu, contraque item dedecere; quod si poeta fugit ut maximum vitium, qui peccat etiam, cum probi orationem adfingit improbo stultove sapientis; si denique pictor ille vidit, cum in immolanda Iphigenia tristis Calchas esset, tristior Vlixes, maereret Menelaus, obvolvendum caput Agamemnonis esse, quoniam summum ilium luctum penicillo non posset imitari; si denique histrio quid deceat quaerit, quid faciendum oratori putemus? - sed cum hoc tantum sit, quid in causis earumque quasi membris faciat orator viderit: illud quidem perspicuum est, non modo partis orationis sed etiam causas totas alias alia forma dicendi esse tractandas.
English AI-generated translation, non-official
Codex gpt-5.6-sol · Non-official working translation · 2026-09-11
which must always be observed by everyone, whereas fitness means what is appropriate and suited to time and person. This applies very often to actions and also to words, and finally to facial expression, gesture, and gait; the opposite likewise constitutes unfitness. If the poet avoids this as the greatest fault, and errs even when he assigns the speech of a good man to a wicked one or that of a wise man to a fool; if the famous painter, in depicting the sacrifice of Iphigenia, saw that Calchas should be sad, Ulysses sadder, and Menelaus grieving, but that Agamemnon's head must be veiled because his brush could not imitate that supreme grief; if even the actor asks what is fitting, what should we think the orator must do? Since this principle is so important, the orator must see what to do in each case and in what might be called its limbs. One thing at least is clear: not only separate parts of a speech, but entire cases of different kinds, must be handled in different styles.
French AI-generated translation, non-official
Codex gpt-5.6-sol · Non-official working translation · 2026-09-11
qui vaut toujours et pour tous; la convenance désigne ce qui est adapté et conforme au moment et à la personne. Elle s’applique très souvent aux actes, mais aussi aux paroles, et même au visage, au geste et à la démarche; l’inconvenance est leur contraire. Le poète la fuit comme le plus grand défaut: il faute même lorsqu’il attribue le discours d’un homme de bien à un méchant, ou celui d’un sage à un sot. Ce fameux peintre comprit que, dans le sacrifice d’Iphigénie, Calchas devait être triste, Ulysse plus triste encore et Ménélas accablé, mais qu’il fallait voiler la tête d’Agamemnon parce que son pinceau ne pouvait imiter cette douleur suprême. Enfin, si l’acteur recherche ce qui convient, que devons-nous penser que l’orateur doit faire? Puisque cette matière est si vaste, que l’orateur voie lui-même comment agir dans les causes et dans leurs différentes parties. Une chose est claire: les diverses parties d’un discours, mais aussi les causes entières, doivent être traitées par des formes d’expression différentes.
Concepts in this passage
Care of the soul
View detailed page
Filter the library
Moral decorum
View detailed page
Filter the library
Family
View detailed page
Filter the library
Prayer
View detailed page
Filter the library
Reason
View detailed page
Filter the library
Rhetoric
View detailed page
Filter the library
Sin
View detailed page
Filter the library
Wisdom
View detailed page
Filter the library