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Symbolic illustration of Cato the Younger in the Prokopton42.com Library

Work

Cato the Younger

Plutarch

Cato the Younger observes character in action and tests moral rules against concrete situations.

Composition
late 1st to early 2nd century CE; internal order uncertain
Sources and precision

The range locates Plutarch’s literary activity without inventing a composition year for each work.

Confidence C · probable range

Period
Antiquity
Languages
Ancient Greek · English · French
Extent
318 passages · 25,464 words

Before reading

What you will learn

To read Cato the Younger, isolate the decisive action, distinguish character from fortune, then compare its consequence with that of a neighboring course of conduct.

Short summary

Cato the Younger observes character in action and tests moral rules against concrete situations.

Long summary

The Life compares choices, habits, and fortune without claiming to transcribe speeches or gain direct access to its subject’s inner life.

Canonical identity follows the critical Greek CTS divisions. The historical English translation and AI-generated French remain distinct, labeled manifestations. In Cato, republican integrity, austerity, and inflexibility produce both stature and political cost.

Inside this work

The table of contents follows the divisions actually carried by the corpus.

Work › Chapter › Section

Chapter 15 passages
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  2. Section 2
  3. Section 3
  4. Section 4
  5. Section 5
Chapter 26 passages
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Chapter 36 passages
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Chapter 42 passages
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Chapter 53 passages
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Chapter 64 passages
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Chapter 73 passages
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Chapter 82 passages
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Chapter 95 passages
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Chapter 102 passages
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Chapter 114 passages
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Chapter 125 passages
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Chapter 133 passages
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Chapter 144 passages
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Chapter 154 passages
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Chapter 166 passages
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Chapter 175 passages
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Chapter 185 passages
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Chapter 195 passages
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Chapter 203 passages
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Chapter 216 passages
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Chapter 225 passages
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Chapter 233 passages
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Chapter 243 passages
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Chapter 255 passages
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Chapter 264 passages
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Chapter 276 passages
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Chapter 285 passages
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Chapter 294 passages
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Chapter 306 passages
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Chapter 315 passages
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Chapter 326 passages
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Chapter 334 passages
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Chapter 344 passages
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Chapter 355 passages
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Chapter 363 passages
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Chapter 375 passages
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Chapter 383 passages
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Chapter 394 passages
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Chapter 402 passages
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Chapter 415 passages
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Chapter 425 passages
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Chapter 436 passages
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Chapter 448 passages
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Chapter 454 passages
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Chapter 465 passages
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Chapter 473 passages
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Chapter 485 passages
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Chapter 494 passages
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Chapter 503 passages
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Chapter 515 passages
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Chapter 525 passages
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Chapter 534 passages
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Chapter 547 passages
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Chapter 553 passages
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Chapter 564 passages
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Chapter 573 passages
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Chapter 587 passages
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Chapter 597 passages
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Chapter 603 passages
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Chapter 614 passages
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Chapter 624 passages
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Chapter 636 passages
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Chapter 645 passages
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Chapter 655 passages
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Chapter 664 passages
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Chapter 672 passages
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Chapter 685 passages
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Chapter 693 passages
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Chapter 706 passages
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Chapter 712 passages
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Chapter 722 passages
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Chapter 734 passages
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  4. Section 4

Concepts covered

Historical context

The world around the text

The corpus manifests do not yet establish the precise place and circumstances of composition. The images below document the author’s world or the text’s transmission. They do not claim to show the exact scene of writing.

These are modern reconstructions. They situate a documented place, practice, or transmission and are not period documents.

Modern reconstruction of Athens for Cato the Younger on Prokopton42.com
AthensPhilosophical study with Ammonius. The generated scene uses Athens and education as its documented anchors.Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Plutarch
Modern reconstruction of Material world: transport and communication, 27 BCE for Cato the Younger on Prokopton42.com
Material world: transport and communication, 27 BCEOctavian becomes Augustus. The Roman Republic gives way to the Principate. The image situates Cato the Younger without claiming to show its scene of composition.
Modern reconstruction of Material world: agriculture and food, 27 BCE for Cato the Younger on Prokopton42.com
Material world: agriculture and food, 27 BCEOctavian becomes Augustus. The Roman Republic gives way to the Principate. The image situates Cato the Younger without claiming to show its scene of composition.

What the world looked like

World of 1989

Modern reconstruction of the material world around Cato the Younger: Technology, science, and care
Technology, science, and carePersonal computers, satellites, video, industrial robots, and expensive mobile phones exist, but the public Web does not yet. Computing, genetics, climate science, cosmology, and medical imaging produce growing data and international collaboration. CT, MRI, transplantation, vaccines, and intensive care advance; the AIDS epidemic exposes both medical capacity and its limits.
Modern reconstruction of the material world around Cato the Younger: Travel and communication
Travel and communicationCars, high-speed rail, metros, aircraft, and containers globalize people and goods. Fixed telephones, fax, television, radio, and newspapers predominate. Email and computer networks remain mainly professional or academic.
Modern reconstruction of the material world around Cato the Younger: Farming and food
Farming and foodMachinery, chemical inputs, breeding, and cold chains support high yields with increasingly debated social and environmental costs.
Modern reconstruction of the material world around Cato the Younger: Clothing, women and men
Clothing, women and menLoose suits, jeans, trainers, women’s power suits, sportswear, and urban subcultures create highly varied silhouettes.
State of technology
Personal computers, satellites, video, industrial robots, and expensive mobile phones exist, but the public Web does not yet.
Science and knowledge
Computing, genetics, climate science, cosmology, and medical imaging produce growing data and international collaboration.
Medicine and care
CT, MRI, transplantation, vaccines, and intensive care advance; the AIDS epidemic exposes both medical capacity and its limits.
Transport
Cars, high-speed rail, metros, aircraft, and containers globalize people and goods.
Agriculture and food
Machinery, chemical inputs, breeding, and cold chains support high yields with increasingly debated social and environmental costs.
Communication
Fixed telephones, fax, television, radio, and newspapers predominate. Email and computer networks remain mainly professional or academic.
Clothing and fashion
Loose suits, jeans, trainers, women’s power suits, sportswear, and urban subcultures create highly varied silhouettes.

Editions, translations, and provenance

The following carriers represent the text. They do not create new passage identities.

  • Ancient Greekcomplete_aligned_work
  • Englishcomplete_aligned_work
  • French AI-generated translation, non-officialCodex gpt-5.6-sol · Non-official working translation · 2026-09-13

Source manifests: plutarch.cato_younger

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Cato the YoungerPlutarch

Before reading

What you will learn

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