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Seneca
On Benefits Chapter 36
Chapter 86 of 228
Canonical reference 3.36
Latin
Perseus canonical Latin TEI
Haec non destruunt parentium venerationem nec deteriores illis liberos faciunt, immo etiam meliores ; natura enim gloriosa virtus est et anteire priores cupit. Alacrior erit pietas, si ad reddenda beneficia eum vincendi spe venerit. Ipsis patribus id volentibus laetisque contigerit, quoniam pleraque sunt, in quibus nostro bono vincimur. Unde certamen tam optabile ? Unde tantam felicitatem parentibus, ut fateantur ipsos liberorum beneficiis impares ? Nisi hoc ita iudicamus, excusationem damus liberis et illos segniores ad referendam gratiam facimus, quibus stimulos adicere debemus et dicere : " Hoc agite, optimi iuvenes ! Proposita est inter parentes ac liberos honesta contentio, dederint maiora an receperint. Non ideo vicerunt, quia occupaverunt. Sumite modo animum, qualem decet, et deficere nolite : vincetis optantes. Nec desunt tam pulchro certamini duces, qui ad similia vos cohortentur ac per vestigia sua ire ad victoriam saepe iam partam ex parentibus iubeant.
English
Aubrey Stewart · On Benefits (1887)
These considerations do not destroy the respect due to parents, or make their children behave worse to them, nay, better; for virtue is naturally ambitious, and wishes to outstrip those who are before it. Filial piety will be all the more eager, if, in returning a father's benefits, it can hope to outdo them; nor will this be against the will or the pleasure of the father, since in many contests it is to our advantage to be outdone. How does this contest become so desirable? How comes it to be such happiness to parents that they should confess themselves outdone by the benefits bestowed by their children? Unless we decide the matter thus, we give children an excuse, and make them less eager to repay their debt, whereas we ought to spur them on, saying, "Noble youths, give your attention to this! You are invited to contend in an honourable strife between parents and children, as to which party has received more than it has given. Your fathers have not necessarily won the day because they are first in the field: only take courage, as befits you, and do not give up the contest; you will conquer if you wish to do so. In this honourable warfare you will have no lack of leaders who will encourage you to perform deeds like their own, and bid you follow in their footsteps upon a path by which victory has often before now been won over parents."
French
Joseph Baillard · Œuvres complètes de Sénèque le Philosophe (1914)
Ceci ne détruit pas la vénération due aux auteurs de nos jours et ne fera pas que, leurs enfants soient moins bons pour eux : loin de là, ils en vaudront mieux. Car la vertu est, de sa nature, passionnée pour la gloire et brûle de dépasser qui la précède. La piété filiale sera plus ardente, si elle se livre à la reconnaissance avec l’espoir de surpasser le bienfait. Les pères eux-mêmes s’y prêteront volontiers et avec bonheur ; car en une foule de cas nous gagnons à être vaincus. Est-il une rivalité aussi désirable, une félicité aussi grande pour des parents que d’avouer que leurs bienfaits mêmes le cèdent à ceux de leurs fils ? L’opinion contraire fournit une excuse à ces derniers et les rend plus lents à payer leur dette, tandis que nous devons les aiguillonner et leur dire : « Courage, vertueux jeunes gens ! Une honorable lutte est ouverte entre vos parents et vous, pour savoir qui a plus donné ou reçu. Ils ne sont pas vainqueurs, pour vous avoir prévenus. Prenez seulement cette confiance qui vous sied si bien, et gardez-vous du découragement : vous les vaincrez comme c’est leur vœu. Et dans cette noble arène vous ne manquez pas de chefs qui vous exhortent à les imiter et vous commandent de marcher sur leurs traces à cette victoire que bien des fils ont obtenue. »
Concepts in this passage
Anger
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Beneficence
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Care of the soul
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Courage
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Desire
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Ether and field
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Family
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Hope
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Judgment
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Justice
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Knowledge
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Law
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Mindfulness
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Nature
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Philosophical eros
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Pleasure
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Reason
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Roles and relationships
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Sin
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Suffering
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Virtue
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War and peace
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Xiao, filial conduct
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