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Seneca
On the Shortness of Life Chapter 8
Chapter 8 of 20
Canonical reference 8
Latin
Perseus canonical Latin TEI
Mirari soleo, cum video aliquos tempus petentes et eos, qui rogantur, facillimos. Illud uterque spectat, propter quod tempus petitum est, ipsum quidem neuter; quasi nihil petitur, quasi nihil datur. Re omnium pretiosissima luditur ; fallit autem illos, quia res incorporalis est, quia sub oculos non venit, ideoque vilissima aestimatur, immo paene nullum eius pretium est. Annua, congiaria homines carissime accipiunt et illis aut laborem aut operam aut diligentiam suam locant. Nemo aestimat tempus ; utuntur illo laxius quasi gratuito. At eosdem aegros vide, si mortis periculum propius admotum est, medicorum genua tangentes, si metuunt capitale supplicium, omnia sua, ut vivant, paratos impendere ! Tanta in illis discordia adfectuum est. Quodsi posset quemadmodum praeteritorum annorum cuiusque numerus proponi, sic futurorum, quomodo illi, qui paucos viderent superesse, trepidarent, quomodo illis parcerent ! Atqui facile est quamvis exiguum dispensare, quod certum est ; id debet servari diligentius, quod nescias quando deficiat. Nec est tamen, quod putes illos ignorare, quam cara res sit; dicere solent eis, quos valdissime diligunt, paratos se partem annorum suorum dare. Dant nec intellegunt ; dant autem ita, ut sine illorum in- cremento sibi detrahant. Sed hoc ipsum, an de- trahant, nesciunt; ideo tolerabilis est illis iactura detrimenti latentis. Nemo restituet annos, nemo iterum te tibi reddet. Ibit, qua coepit aetas, nec cursum suum aut revocabit aut supprimet ; nihil tumultuabitur, nihil admonebit velocitatis suae. Tacita labetur ; non illa se regis imperio, non favore populi longius proferet. Sicut missa est a primo die, curret ; nusquam devertetur, nusquam remo- rabitur. Quid fiet ? Tu occupatus es, vita festinat ; mors interim aderit, cui, velis nolis, vacandum est.
English
Aubrey Stewart · Minor Dialogues Together with the Dialogue on Clemency (1889)
I am filled with wonder when I see some men asking others for their time, and those who are asked for it most willing to give it: both parties consider the object for which the time is given, but neither of them thinks of the time itself, as though in asking for this one asked for nothing, and in giving it one gave nothing: we play with what is the most precious of all things: yet it escapes men’s notice, because it is an incorporeal thing, and because it does not come before our eyes; and therefore it is held very cheap, nay, hardly any value whatever is put upon it. Men set the greatest store upon presents or pensions, and hire out their work, their services, or their care in order to gain them: no one values time: they give it much more freely, as though it cost nothing. Yet you will see these same people clasping the knees of their physician as suppliants when they are sick and in present peril of death, and if threatened with a capital charge willing to give all that they possess in order that they may live: so inconsistent are they. Indeed, if the number of every man’s future years could be laid before him, as we can lay that of his past years, how anxious those who found that they had but few years remaining would be to make the most of them? Yet it is easy to arrange the distribution of a quantity, however small, if we know how much there is: what you ought to husband most carefully is that which may run short you know not when. Yet you have no reason to suppose that they do not know how dear a thing time is: they are wont to say to those whom they especially love that they are ready to give them a part of their own years. They do give them, and know not that they are giving them; but they give them in such a manner that they themselves lose them without the others gaining them. They do not, however, know whence they obtain their supply, and therefore they are able to endure the waste of what is not seen: yet no one will give you back your years, no one will restore them to you again: your life will run its course when once it has begun, and will neither begin again or efface what it has done. It will make no disturbance, it will give you no warning of how fast it flies: it will move silently on: it will not prolong itself at the command of a king, or at the wish of a nation: as it started on its first day, so it will run: it will never turn aside, never delay. What follows, then? Why! you are busy, but life is hurrying on: death will be here some time or other, and you must attend to him, whether you will or no.
French
Joseph Baillard · Œuvres complètes de Sénèque le Philosophe (1914)
Ainsi, parce qu’un homme a des cheveux blancs et des rides , ne va pas croire qu’il ait vécu longtemps ; il n’a pas longtemps vécu, mais longtemps duré. Car enfin, penses-tu qu’on ait fait une longue traversée quand, accueilli dès le port par une furieuse tempête, poussé en mille sens contraires par les vents qui soufflaient avec violence de points opposés, on n’a pu que tournoyer dans le même cercle ? Ce n’est pas là un long voyage ; c’est une tourmente prolongée. Je m’étonne toujours quand je vois des hommes demander à d’autres leur temps, et ceux-ci le donner avec tant de complaisance. Des deux côtés l’on n’a en vue que le motif de la demande ; mais le temps même, pas un n’y songe. C’est comme un rien que l’on demande, un rien que l’on accorde : on joue avec ce qu’il y a de plus précieux au monde. Ce qui abuse, c’est que le temps est chose impalpable, qui ne frappe point les yeux : et l’on en tient fort peu de compte ; je dirais presque, il n’a aucun prix. Des hommes du plus brillant mérite reçoivent un salaire annuel au prix duquel ils louent leurs travaux, leurs services, leur savoir-faire : le temps n’est prisé par personne. On le jette à pleines mains, il semble ne rien coûter. Mais vois les mêmes hommes quand ils sont malades ; si la mort les menace de près, comme ils embrassent les genoux des médecins ! Redoutent-ils le dernier supplice, ils sont prêts, pour vivre, à sacrifier tout ce qu’ils possèdent, tant est grande la contradiction de leurs sentiments . Si, comme les années passées, on pouvait leur mettre à chacun sous les yeux les années à venir, de quel effroi ne seraient-ils pas saisis en voyant quel peu il leur en reste ! Comme ils les économiseraient ! Or, s’il est facile, tout modique qu’il soit, de ménager un bien dont on est sûr, avec quel soin doit-on garder celui qui, sans qu’on sache à quel moment, doit nous échapper ! Ne crois pas cependant qu’ils en ignorent tout le prix. Ils disent tous les jours à ceux qu’ils chérissent le plus fortement qu’ils donneraient pour eux une portion de leur vie. Ils la donnent cette portion, et sans qu’ils y pensent ; ils s’en dépouillent sans profit pour les autres ; ils ne savent pas même s’ils se dépouillent en effet, et dès lors ils supportent sans peine un dommage inaperçu pour eux. Personne ne te restituera tes années ; personne ne te rendra à toi-même. La vie suivra sa pente primitive sans rebrousser son cours ou l’interrompre, sans faire nul fracas ni t’avertir de sa rapidité ; elle coulera en silence. Ni la puissance des rois ni la faveur des peuples ne la feront aller plus loin . Selon l’impulsion reçue au départ, elle courra jusqu’au bout, jamais ne se détournant, jamais ne s’arrêtant. Que vas-tu devenir ? Durant tes vaines occupations, la vie se précipite, la mort, d’une heure à l’autre, arrivera et, bon gré mal gré, elle se fera recevoir.
Concepts in this passage
Anger
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Care of the soul
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Death
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Ether and field
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Family
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Freedom
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Impressions and assent
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Knowledge
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Law
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Love
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Messiah
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Prayer
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Reason
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Roles and relationships
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Salvation
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Service
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Sin
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Suffering
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Time
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War and peace
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