Public domain
The work and displayed translations are recorded as public domain or from an open transcription.
Seneca
Consolation to Marcia Chapter 1
Chapter 1 of 26
Canonical reference 1
Latin
Perseus canonical Latin TEI
Nisi te, Marcia, scirem tam longe ab infirmitate muliebris animi quam a ceteris vitiis recessisse et mores tuos velut aliquod antiquum exemplar aspici, non auderem obviam ire dolori tuo, cui viri quoque libenter haerent et incubant, nec spem concepissem tam iniquo tempore, tam inimico iudice, tam invidioso crimine posse me efficere, ut fortunam tuam absolveres. Fiduciam mihi dedit exploratum iam robur animi et magno experimento approbata virtus tua. Non est ignotum, qualem te in persona patris tui gesseris, quem non minus quam liberos dilexisti, excepto eo quod non optabas superstitem. Nec scio an et optaveris; permittit enim sibi quaedam contra bonum morem magna pietas. Mortem A. Cremuti Cordi parentis tui quantum poteras inhibuisti; postquam tibi apparuit inter Seianianos satellites illam unam patere servitutis fugam, non favisti consilio eius, sed dedisti manus victa fudistique lacrimas palam et gemitus devorasti quidem, non tamen hilari fronte texisti; et haec illo saeculo, quo magna pietas erat nihil impie facere. Ut vero aliquam occasionem mutatio temporum dedit, ingenium patris tui, de quo sumptum erat supplicium, in usum hominum reduxisti et a vera illum vindicasti morte ac restituisti in publica monumenta libros, quos vir ille fortissimus sanguine suo scripserat. Optime meruisti de Romanis studiis : magna illorum pars arserat ; optime de posteris, ad quos veniet incorrupta rerum fides auctori suo magno imputata ; optime de ipso, cuius viget vigebitque memoria, quam diu in pretio fuerit Romana cognosci, quam diu quisquam erit, qui reverti velit ad acta maiorum, quam diu quisquam qui velit scire, quid sit vir Romanus, quid subactis iam cervicibus omnium et ad Seianianum iugum adactis indomitus, quid sit homo ingenio, animo, manu liber. Magnum me hercules detrimentum res publica ceperat, si illum ob duas res pulcherrimas in oblivionem coniectum, eloquentiam et libertatem, non eruisses. Legitur, floret, in manus hominum, in pectora receptus vetustatem nullam timet; at illorum carnificum cito scelera quoque, quibus solis memoriam meruerunt, tacebuntur. Haec magnitudo animi tui vetuit me ad sexum tuum respicere, vetuit ad vultum, quem tot annorum continua tristitia, ut semel obduxit, tenet. Et vide, quam non subrepam tibi nec furtum facere affectibus tuis cogitem. Antiqua mala in memoriam reduxi et, ut scires hanc quoque plagam esse sanandam, ostendi tibi aeque magni vulneris cicatricem. Alii itaque molliter agant et blandiantur ; ego confligere cum tuo maerore constitui et defessos exhaustosque oculos, si verum vis, magis iam ex consuetudine quam ex desiderio fluentis continebo, si fieri potuerit, favente te remediis tuis, si minus, vel invita, teneas licet et amplexeris dolorem tuum, quem tibi in filii locum superstitem fecisti. Quis enim erit finis ? Omnia in supervacuum temptata sunt. Fatigatae adlocutiones amicorum, auctoritates magnorum et adfinium tibi virorum; studia, hereditarium et paternum bonum, surdas aures irrito et vix ad brevem occupationem proficiente solacio transeunt; illud ipsum naturale remedium temporis, quod maximas quoque aerumnas componit, in te una vim suam perdidit. Tertius iam praeterit annus, cum interim nihil ex primo illo impetu cecidit ; renovat se et corroborat cotidie luctus et iam sibi ius mora fecit eoque adductus est, ut putet turpe desinere. Quem- admodum omnia vitia penitus insidunt, nisi, dum surgunt, oppressa sunt, ita haec quoque tristia et misera et in se saevientia ipsa novissime acerbitate pascuntur et fit infelicis animi prava voluptas dolor. Cupissem itaque primis temporibus ad istam cura- tionem accedere. Leniore medicina fuisset oriens adhuc restringenda vis ; vehementius contra in- veterata pugnandum est. Nam vulnerum quoque sanitas facilis est, dum a sanguine recentia sunt; tunc et uruntur et in altum revocantur et digitos scrutantium recipiunt, ubi corrupta in malum ulcus verterunt. Non possum nunc per obsequium nec molliter adsequi tam durum dolorem ; frangendus est.
English
Aubrey Stewart · Minor Dialogues Together with the Dialogue on Clemency (1889)
Did I not know, Marcia, that you have as little of a woman’s weakness of mind as of her other vices, and that your life was regarded as a pattern of antique virtue, I should not have dared to combat your grief, which is one that many men fondly nurse and embrace, nor should I have conceived the hope of persuading you to hold fortune blameless, having to plead for her at such an unfavorable time, before so partial a judge, and against such an odious charge. I derive confidence, however, from the proved strength of your mind, and your virtue, which has been proved by a severe test. All men know how well you behaved towards your father, whom you loved as dearly as your children in all respects, save that you did not wish him to survive you: indeed, for all that I know you may have wished that also: for great affection ventures to break some of the golden rules of life. You did all that lay in your power to avert the death of your father, Aulus Cremutius Cordus; but when it became clear that, surrounded as he was by the myrmidons of Sejanus, there was no other way of escape from slavery, you did not indeed approve of his resolution, but gave up all attempts to oppose it; you shed tears openly, and choked down your sobs, yet did not screen them behind a smiling face; and you did all this in the present century, when not to be unnatural towards one’s parents is considered the height of filial affection. When the changes of our times gave you an opportunity, you restored to the use of man that genius of your father for which he had suffered, and made him in real truth immortal by publishing as an eternal memorial of him those books which that bravest of men had written with his own blood. You have done a great service to Roman literature: a large part of Cordus’s books had been burned; a great service to posterity, who will receive a true account of events, which cost its author so dear; and a great service to himself, whose memory flourishes and ever will flourish, as long as men set any value upon the facts of Roman history, as long as any one lives who wishes to review the deeds of our fathers, to know what a true Roman was like - one who still remained unconquered when all other necks were broken in to receive the yoke of Sejanus, one who was free in every thought, feeling, and act. By Hercules, the state would have sustained a great loss if you had not brought him forth from the oblivion to which his two splendid qualities, eloquence and independence, had consigned him: he is now read, is popular, is received into men’s hands and bosoms, and fears no old age: but as for those who butchered him, before long men will cease to speak even of their crimes, the only things by which they are remembered. This greatness of mind in you has forbidden me to take into consideration your sex or your face, still clouded by the sorrow by which so many years ago it was suddenly overcast. See; I shall do nothing underhand, nor try to steal away your sorrows: I have reminded you of old hurts, and to prove that your present wound may be healed, I have shown you the scar of one which was equally severe. Let others use soft measures and caresses; I have determined to do battle with your grief, and I will dry those weary and exhausted eyes, which already, to tell you the truth, are weeping more from habit than from sorrow. I will effect this cure, if possible, with your goodwill: if you disapprove of my efforts, or dislike them, then you must continue to hug and fondle the grief which you have adopted as the survivor of your son. What, I pray you, is to be the end of it? All means have been tried in vain: the consolations of your friends, who are weary of offering them, and the influence of great men who are related to you: literature, a taste which your father enjoyed and which you have inherited from him, now finds your ears closed, and affords you but a futile consolation, which scarcely engages your thoughts for a moment. Even time itself, nature’s greatest remedy, which quiets the most bitter grief, loses its power with you alone. Three years have already passed, and still your grief has lost none of its first poignancy, but renews and strengthens itself day by day, and has now dwelt so long with you that it has acquired a domicile in your mind, and actually thinks that it would be base to leave it. All vices sink into our whole being, if we do not crush them before they gain a footing; and in like manner these sad, pitiable, and discordant feelings end by feeding upon their own bitterness, until the unhappy mind takes a sort of morbid delight in grief. I should have liked, therefore, to have attempted to effect this cure in the earliest stages of the disorder, before its force was fully developed; it might have been checked by milder remedies, but now that it has been confirmed by time it cannot be beaten without a hard struggle. In like manner, wounds heal easily when the blood is fresh upon them: they can then be cleared out and brought to the surface, and admit of being probed by the finger: when disease has turned them into malignant ulcers, their cure is more difficult. I cannot now influence so strong a grief by polite and mild measures: it must be broken down by force.
French
Joseph Baillard · Œuvres complètes de Sénèque le Philosophe (1914)
Si je ne vous savais, Marcia, aussi éloignée de la pusillanimité de votre sexe, que de tout autre défaut, si l’on n’admirait votre caractère comme un modèle des mœurs antiques, je n’oserais m’opposer à une douleur comme la vôtre, quand je vois des hommes même s’attacher à la leur et la couver avec amour ; je ne me serais pas flatté dans un moment si défavorable, près d’un juge si prévenu, sur un grief si révoltant, de réussir à vous faire absoudre la fortune. J’ai été rassuré par votre vigueur d’âme bien connue et par la grande épreuve où s’est fait voir votre courage. On n’ignore pas quel fut votre dévouement à la personne d’un père, pour lequel votre tendresse fit les mêmes vœux que pour, vos enfants, sauf de le voir vous survivre, et ce vœu même, peut-être l’avez-vous formé. Car une grande affection se permet sur quelques points de contredire la commune raison. Quand votre père, A. Cremutius Cordus, voulut mourir, vous combattîtes de toutes vos forces son projet. Dès qu’il vous eut prouvé que c’était l’unique moyen d’échapper aux satellites de Séjan et à la servitude, sans approuver sa détermination, vous y prêtâtes une adhésion forcée et vos larmes coulèrent, en public, il est vrai, vous étouffâtes vos gémissements, mais ce ne fut pas sous un front joyeux, et cela dans un siècle où un grand effort de piété filiale était de ne pas se montrer dénaturé . Mais à la première occasion, et sitôt que les temps changèrent, le génie de votre père, vainqueur des flammes qu’il avait subies, fut par vous rendu au public ; vous l’avez vraiment racheté du trépas, en réintégrant dans les bibliothèques publiques les livres que cet homme de cœur avait écrits de son sang. Que ne vous doivent pas les lettres latines ? Un de leurs plus beaux monuments était en cendres. Que ne vous doit pas la postérité ? L’histoire lui parviendra pure de mensonge : œuvre qui coûta cher à son auteur. Que ne vous doit-il pas lui-même ? Sa mémoire vit et vivra tant qu’on mettra du prix à connaître les annales romaines, tant qu’il se trouvera un seul homme curieux de remonter aux faits de nos ancêtres, curieux de savoir ce qu’est un vrai Romain, et quand déjà se courbaient toutes les têtes attelées au joug de Séjan, ce que fut un mortel indomptable, un caractère, un esprit, une plume indépendante. Quelle immense perte pour la république, si ce génie qu’avaient condamné à l’oubli ses deux plus beaux mérites, l’éloquence et la liberté, n’en eût été exhumé par vous ! On le lit, on l’admire ; il est dans nos mains et dans nos cœurs ; il ne craint plus l’outrage des temps ; et de ses bourreaux, tout jusqu’à leurs crimes, qui seuls leur ont valu un nom, mourra bientôt dans le silence. Témoin de votre force d’âme, je ne vois plus quel est votre sexe, je ne vois plus ce front qu’obscurcit depuis tant d’années l’immuable empreinte d’une première tristesse. Et remarquez combien peu je cherche à vous surprendre, à tendre aucun piège à votre cœur. Je vous rappelle vos malheurs d’autrefois ; or voulez-vous savoir si cette nouvelle plaie se peut guérir ? L’ancienne n’était pas moindre, et je vous la montre cicatrisée. À d’autres les molles complaisances et les ménagements : moi j’ai résolu d’attaquer de front vos chagrins ; vos yeux sont fatigués, épuisés par les larmes que fait couler l’habitude, excusez ma franchise, plutôt encore que le regret : j’arrêterai ces larmes, vous-même, s’il est possible, aidant à votre guérison, sinon, malgré vous-même, dussiez-vous retenir et embrasser une douleur qui vous tient lieu de ce fils auquel vous l’avez fait survivre . Car enfin quel en sera le terme ? On a tout essayé en vain, on a épuisé les représentations de vos amis, l’ascendant d’hommes distingués, tous de votre famille ; les belles-lettres, cet héréditaire et paternel apanage, ne sont plus qu’une consolation vaine qui vous distrait à peine un moment et que votre oreille laisse passer sans l’entendre. Le temps lui-même, remède naturel et tombeau des plus grandes afflictions, a pour vous seule perdu son efficacité. Trois ans déjà se sont écoulés, et votre deuil n’a rien diminué de sa première véhémence : il se renouvelle et s’affermit chaque jour ; il s’est fait un titre de sa durée ; il est venu au point de croire qu’il y aurait honte à cesser. De même que tous les vices s’enracinent plus profondément, si on ne les étouffe en leur germe ; ainsi ces affections tristes et malheureuses, victimes d’elles-mêmes, finissent par se repaître de leur propre amertume ; et l’infortune puis dans son chagrin une jouissance contre nature . J’aurais donc souhaité dès le principe venir à votre aide : un moindre remède eût suffi pour dompter le mal naissant ; invétéré, il faut des moyens plus énergiques pour le combattre. Même les plaies du corps se guérissent sans peine, quand le sang a fraîchement coulé : alors on emploie le feu, on sonde bien avant ; elles souffrent le doigt qui les interroge ; mais une fois corrompues, envieillies, dégénérées en ulcères funestes, la cure est plus difficile. Il n’est ménagement ni palliatif qui puisse désormais réduire une douleur aussi rebelle que la vôtre : le fer doit la trancher.
Concepts in this passage
Affects
View detailed page
Filter the library
Anger
View detailed page
Filter the library
Care of the soul
View detailed page
Filter the library
Civic duty
View detailed page
Filter the library
Courage
View detailed page
Filter the library
Death
View detailed page
Filter the library
Ether and field
View detailed page
Filter the library
Faith
View detailed page
Filter the library
Family
View detailed page
Filter the library
Fear
View detailed page
Filter the library
Fortune
View detailed page
Filter the library
Freedom
View detailed page
Filter the library
Friendship
View detailed page
Filter the library
Moral rightness and utility
View detailed page
Filter the library
Hope
View detailed page
Filter the library
Judgment
View detailed page
Filter the library
Knowledge
View detailed page
Filter the library
Law
View detailed page
Filter the library
Li, ritual propriety
View detailed page
Filter the library
Love
View detailed page
Filter the library
Memory
View detailed page
Filter the library
Messiah
View detailed page
Filter the library
Mode
View detailed page
Filter the library
Nature
View detailed page
Filter the library
Philosophical eros
View detailed page
Filter the library
Pleasure
View detailed page
Filter the library
Prayer
View detailed page
Filter the library
Reason
View detailed page
Filter the library
Ressentiment
View detailed page
Filter the library
Roles and relationships
View detailed page
Filter the library
Salvation
View detailed page
Filter the library
Self-governance
View detailed page
Filter the library
Service
View detailed page
Filter the library
Sin
View detailed page
Filter the library
Slavery
View detailed page
Filter the library
Spirit
View detailed page
Filter the library
Suffering
View detailed page
Filter the library
Time
View detailed page
Filter the library
Tranquillity
View detailed page
Filter the library
Truth
View detailed page
Filter the library
Virtue
View detailed page
Filter the library
War and peace
View detailed page
Filter the library
Xiao, filial conduct
View detailed page
Filter the library